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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
7-O-ACETYL-8-EPI-LOGANIC-ACID Kohda, H., Tanaka, S., Yamaoka, Y., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., Tanimoto, T., Tanaka, A. 1989. Studies on Lens-Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor in Medicinal Plants.II Active Constituents of Monochasma savatierii FRANCH, et MAXIM. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(11):3153-3154
8,9-DIHYDROXY-3-METHOXYCOUMESTAN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
8-METHOXY-CIRSILINEOL 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
ACACETIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ACACETIN-7-O-(6''-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSYL)-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE IC50=4.7 uM rat Yoshikawa, M., et al. 1999. Medicinal Flowers. I. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Three New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpenes, Kikkanols A, B, and C, From the Flowers of Chrysanthemum inducum L. Chem Pharm Bull, 47(3): 340-345.
ACARBOSE 0.4 g/kg diet rat Cohen-Melamed, E., Nyska, A., Pollack, A., Madar, Z. 1995. Aldose Reductase (EC 1.1.1.21) Activity and Reduced-Glutatione Content in Lenses of Diabetic Sand Rats (Psammomys obesus) Fed with Acarbose. Brit J Nutr, 74(5): 607-615.
ACETOSIDE IC50=0.4 ppm Kohda, H., Tanaka, S., Yamaoka, Y., Yahara, S., Nohara, T., Tanimoto, T., Tanaka, A. 1989. Studies on Lens-Aldose-Reductase Inhibitor in Medicinal Plants.II Active Constituents of Monochasma savatierii FRANCH, et MAXIM. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(11):3153-3154
ACETYL-TRISULFATE-QUERCETIN IC50=0.1 uM *
ACTEOSIDE IC50=0.39 uM Murata, M., Yamakoshi, Y., Homma, S., Arai, K., and Nakamura, Y. 1992. Macrocarpals, Antibacterial Compounds from Eucalyptus, Inhibit Aldose Reductase. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 56(12): 2062-2063, 1992.
AESCULETIN IC50=0.74 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
AESCULIN 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
ALLO-CYMENE 100 ug/ml (weak activity) Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
ALLOCRYPTOPINE IC50=27.9 uM rat Al-Khalil, S. 1996. Inhibition of Lens Alkaloids Reductase by Protopine Alkaloids. Saudi Pharm J, 4(1): 45-47.
ALPHA-TERPINENE 100 ug/ml Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 100 ug/ml Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
AMENTOFLAVONE IC25=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
APIIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ARENARIOSIDE IC50=2.38 uM Andary, C. Caffeic Acid Glycoside Esters and Pharmacology. Polyphenolic Phenom, 1993: 237-245.
ASCORBIC-ACID Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
ASTILBIN 60 uM pig Haraguchi, H., Ohmi, I., Masuda, H., Tamura, Y., Mizutani, K., Tanaka, O., Chou, W. H. 1996. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Dihydroflavonols in Engelhardtia chrysolepis and Effects on Other Enzymes. Experientia, 52(6): 564-567.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Borago officinalis Borage; Beebread; Beeplant; Talewort 4 50, 176
Boswellia sacra Olibanum; Frankincense; Olibanum Tree; Weihrauchbaum (Ger.); Weihrauchpflanze (Ger.); arbol del incensio (Sp.); Oliban (Sp.) 6 483, 000
Boswellia serrata Salaki; Salai Guggal; Kundur Luban; Salai; Indian Olibanum-Tree; Indian Frankincense 2 0
Bowdichia nitida 1 0
Brassica chinensis Chinese Cabbage; Pak-Choi; Chinese Mustard; Bok-Choy; Celery Mustard; Chinese White Cabbage; Celery Cabbage 1 67, 991
Brassica napus var. napobrassica Rutabaga; Swede; Swedish Turnip 1 7, 245
Brassica nigra Black Mustard 8 4, 013
Brassica oleracea Kohlrabi 4 7, 051.330000042915
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis l. Cauliflower 11 19, 770
Brassica oleracea var. capitata l. Cabbage; Red Cabbage; White Cabbage 9 22, 774.799999713898
Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Brussels-Sprouts; Brussel-Sprout 5 12, 510
Brassica oleracea var. italica Broccoli; Heading Broccoli; Sprouting Broccoli; Cape Broccoli; Purple Cauliflower; Asparagus Broccoli; Winter Broccoli; Calabrese 11 83, 048
Brassica oleracea var. sabellica l. Kale; Curly Kale; Kitchen Kale; Scotch Kale 3 31, 732
Brassica oleracea var. viridis l. Collards; Cow Cabbage; Tall Kale; Tree Kale; Spring-Heading Cabbage 1 19, 095
Brassica pekinensis Chinese Cabbage 2 18
Brassica rapa Turnip; Seven-Top Turnip; Rapini 1 75, 731
Bromelia pinguin Wild Pineapple 1 3, 430
Brosimum alicastrum Breadnut; Tamamuri 1 3, 500
Brunfelsia uniflorus Manaca 1 0
Bupleurum chinense Chai-Hu 1 1, 200