Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
N-TRICOSANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NEROL	10	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NEROL-OXIDE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIACIN	39	Fruit	4.0	7.0	-0.72	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
NICOTINIC-ACID	11	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIGRIN-B	0	Bark	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIGRITIN-F-1	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIGRITIN-F-2	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NONADECAN-1-OL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NONADECANOIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OCIMENE	2	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OCTACOSAN-1-OL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OCTAN-1-AL	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID	64	Bark	not available	503.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID	64	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID	64	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEIC-ACID	18	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEIC-ACID	18	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OXALIC-ACID	9	Fruit	not available	410.0	-0.28	Duke, 1992 *
P-COUMARIC-ACID	25	Flower	not available	not available	not available	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Candidistat	2	Duke, 1992 *
Capillarifortificant	1	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Capillarigenic	2	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Capillariprotective	2	Merck 11th Edition
Carcinogenic	7	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiac	1	Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990.
Cardiodepressant	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cardioprotective	8	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiotonic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiotoxic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Carminative	2	Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Caspase-8-Inducer	1	Duke, 1992 *
Catabolic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Cerebrotonic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Chelator	1	Duke, 1992 *
Chemopreventive	8	Duke, 1992 *
Cholagogue	3	Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
Choleretic	9	Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Cholesterolytic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cholinergic	1	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.