Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
N-TRICOSANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NEROL	10	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NEROL-OXIDE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIACIN	39	Fruit	4.0	7.0	-0.72	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
NICOTINIC-ACID	11	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIGRIN-B	0	Bark	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIGRITIN-F-1	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NIGRITIN-F-2	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NONADECAN-1-OL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
NONADECANOIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OCIMENE	2	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OCTACOSAN-1-OL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OCTAN-1-AL	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID	64	Bark	not available	503.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID	64	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID	64	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEIC-ACID	18	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OLEIC-ACID	18	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OXALIC-ACID	9	Fruit	not available	410.0	-0.28	Duke, 1992 *
P-COUMARIC-ACID	25	Flower	not available	not available	not available	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Cosmetic	4	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Counterirritant	1	Duke, 1992 *
COX-1-Inhibitor	2	Duke, 1992 *
COX-2-Inhibitor	7	Duke, 1992 *
Culicide	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cyanogenic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Cyclooxygenase-Activator	1	Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor	5	Duke, 1992 *
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cytoprotective	2	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Cytotoxic	10	Duke, 1992 *
Decongestant?	1	Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990.
Deiodinase-Inhibitor	1	Jim Duke's personal files.
Demulcent	3	Duke, 1992 *
Deodorant	2	Can. Pharm. Assoc. Medication. 1988
Dermatitigenic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Detoxicant	2	Duke, 1992 *
Detoxicant (Alcohol)	1	Duke, 1992 *
Diaphoretic	2	Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Diaphoretic?	3	Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.