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Plant Pycnanthemum beadlei (Lamiaceae)
Download a full report in PDF format
Common name(s)
Beadle's Mountain Mint
How used
Medicinal
Data Views
| # Activity | Chemical Name | Part | Low PPM | High PPM | StdDev | *Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67 | 1,8-CINEOLE | Shoot | -- | 28.0 | -0.14 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
(-)-Chronotropic 87 nl/ml
Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
(-)-Inotropic 87 nl/ml
Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Acaricide LC100=6 uM
*
Allelopathic
*
Allergenic
*
Anesthetic
*
Anthelmintic
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=41 ug/ml
*
Antiallergic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antibacterial 50 ppm
*
Antibronchitic
*
Anticariogenic
*
Anticatarrh
Martindale's 29th
Anticholinesterase IC50=50-70
*
Antifatigue
*
Antihalitosic
American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
Antiinflammatory
*
Antilaryngitic
*
Antinociceptive
*
Antipharyngitic
*
Antiplaque
*
Antirheumatic
*
Antirhinitic
*
Antiseptic
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antisinusitic
*
Antispasmodic
*
Antistaphylococcic 50 ppm
*
Antitussive
*
Antiulcer
*
Candidicide
*
Carcinogenic
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Choleretic
*
CNS-Stimulant
*
Convulsant
*
Counterirritant
Martindale's 29th
Cytochrome-P450-Inducer
*
Decongestant
*
Degranulant 0.3 ul/ml
*
Dentifrice
Martindale's 29th
Edemagenic inj
*
Expectorant
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA 1-200
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
*
Gastroprotective
*
Gram(+)icide
*
Gram(-)icide
*
Hepatotonic
*
Herbicide IC50=78 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypotensive
*
Inflammatory inj
*
Insectifuge
*
Irritant
Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Myorelaxant
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Nematicide
Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
Neurotoxic
*
P450-Inducer
*
Pediculicide 2.3 x pyrethrin
*
Perfume
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
*
Rubefacient
Martindale's 29th
Secretogogue
*
Sedative
*
Spasmogenic
*
Surfactant
*
Testosterone-Hydroxylase-Inducer
*
Transdermal
*
Trichomonicide LD100=1,000 ug/ml
*
|
||||||
| 0 | 2-OCTEN-3-OL | Shoot | -- | 133.0 | -- | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| 2 | ALPHA-HUMULENE | Shoot | -- | 49.0 | 0.05 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Antitumor
Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
|
||||||
| 28 | ALPHA-PINENE | Shoot | -- | 21.0 | -0.15 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Allelochemic
*
Allergenic
*
Antiacne
*
Antibacterial
*
Antifeedant
*
Antiflu
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory 500 mg/kg
*
Antipneumonic
*
Antiseptic
*
Antispasmodic
*
Antistaphylococcic
*
Antiviral
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Coleoptophile
*
Expectorant
Michael Castleman 1991. The Healing Herbs. Rodale Press, Emmaus, PA 436 pp.
FLavor FEMA 15-150
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide 0.82 uM/fly
*
Insectifuge 50 ppm
*
Insectiphile
J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986.
Irritant
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.087 uM
*
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
*
Sedative
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Spasmogenic
*
Tranquilizer
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal
*
|
||||||
| 13 | BETA-PINENE | Shoot | -- | 14.0 | -0.12 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Allergenic
*
Antiinflammatory
*
Antiseptic
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antispasmodic
*
Candidicide
*
FLavor FEMA 15-600
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
*
Spasmogenic
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Transdermal
*
|
||||||
| 35 | BORNEOL | Shoot | -- | 42.0 | -0.36 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
(-)-Chronotropic 29 ug/ml
Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
(-)-Inotropic 29 ug/ml
Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Allelochemic
*
Analgesic
*
Antiacetylcholine
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Antibacterial MIC=125-250 ug/ml
*
Antibronchitic
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antiescherichic MIC=125 ug/ml
*
Antifeedant
*
Antiinflammatory
*
Antiotitic
*
Antipyretic
*
Antisalmonella MIC=125 ug/ml
*
Antispasmodic ED50=0.008 mg/ml
*
Antistaphylococcic MIC=250 ug/ml
*
Antiyeast MIC=250 ug/ml
*
Candidicide MIC=250 ug/ml
*
Choleretic
*
CNS-Stimulant
List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CNS-Toxic
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FLavor FEMA<1
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
*
Hepatoprotective
*
Herbicide IC50=470 mM
Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Herbicide IC50=470 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Inhalant
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Insect-Repellent
*
Insectifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant
Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Myorelaxant
Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml
Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
*
Sedative
Medline (post 1990 searches filed in my computer)
Tranquilizer
*
|
||||||
| 9 | CAMPHENE | Shoot | -- | 7.0 | -0.13 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Allelopathic
Wright,C.W.(Ed)2002.Medicinal&Aromatic Plants-Industrial Profiles.Artemisia.344pp.Maffei,M.(Ed)2002.Vetiveria.The Genus Vetiveria.Taylor&Francis.NY,NY.191pp.Southwell,I.,Lowe,R.(Eds)1999.Tea Tree.The Genus Melaleuca.Harwood Acad.Pub.Amsterdam,Netherlands.
Antilithic?
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antioxidant
Jim Duke's personal files.
Expectorant
Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
FLavor FEMA 15-175
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Hypocholesterolemic?
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Insectifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Pesticide
*
Spasmogenic
Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
|
||||||
| 31 | CARYOPHYLLENE | Shoot | -- | 49.0 | -0.44 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor
*
Allergenic
*
Analgesic
Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Antiacne
*
Antiasthmatic
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antibacterial
*
Anticariogenic MIC=>1,600 ug/ml
Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
Antidermatitic
*
Antiedemic
Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antifeedant 500 ppm
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Antiinflammatory IC50=100 uM
Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug 'Alhucema' (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
Antileishmanic
*
Antionychyotic
Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Antiproliferant
*
Antispasmodic
*
Antistaphylococcic
*
Antistreptococcic
*
Antitumor
Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
Antiulcer
Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Candidicide
*
FLavor FEMA 20-200
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
*
Gastroprotective
Taylor, Leslie. 2005. The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs. SquareOne Publisher, Garden City Park, NY. 519 pp.
Insectifuge
*
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Larvicide
*
Mosquitocide
*
Perfumery
Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
*
Sedative
*
Termitifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
|
||||||
| 0 | CIS-ISOPULEGONE | Shoot | -- | 28.0 | -0.89 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| 0 | EO | Shoot | -- | 7000.0 | -0.31 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| 2 | GERMACRENE-D | Shoot | -- | 21.0 | -0.36 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Pesticide
*
Pheromone
*
|
||||||
| 3 | ISOMENTHONE | Shoot | -- | 35.0 | -0.53 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.6 mM
*
Antioxidant
*
Antiradicular
*
|
||||||
| 60 | LIMONENE | Shoot | -- | 329.0 | -0.16 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Acaricide LC100=8 uM
*
AChE-Inhibitor
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Allelochemic
*
Allergenic 1/20th carene
*
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC22-26=1.2 mM
*
Antiadenomic
*
Antialzheimeran?
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiasthmatic
*
Antibacterial
Revista Itiliana Eppos, 12: 5, 1994.
Anticancer
*
Antiesophagitic
*
Antifeedant
*
Antiflu
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 195.
Antiinflammatory
*
Antilithic
*
Antilymphomic
*
Antimetastatic (Stomach)
*
Antimutagenic
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
Antiobesity
*
Antiseptic
*
Antispasmodic ED50=0.197 mg/ml
Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antitumor
*
Antitumor (Breast)
*
Antitumor (Colon)
*
Antitumor (Pancreas)
*
Antitumor (Prostate)
*
Antitumor (Stomach)
*
Antiviral
*
Apoptotic
*
Bronchoprotectant
*
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidistat
*
Chemopreventive
*
Cholesterolytic
*
Detoxicant
*
Enterocontractant
J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
*
FLavor
*
Fungiphilic
J. Agric. Food Chem. 43: 2283.
Fungistat
*
GST-Inducer
*
Herbicide IC50=45 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Histaminic
*
Immunomodulator
*
Insecticide 0.37 uM/fly
*
Insectifuge
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor
*
Irritant
*
Lipolytic
*
Myorelaxant 50 mg/kg
*
Nematicide IC=100 ug/ml
Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
NO-Genic
*
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor ~750 mg/kg (diet)
*
Ozone-Scavenger
*
P450-Inducer
*
Peristaltic
*
Pesticide
*
Photosensitizer
Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Sedative ED=1-32 mg/kg
Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Transdermal
*
|
||||||
| 63 | MENTHOL | Shoot | -- | 140.0 | -0.43 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Allergenic
Martindale's 29th
Analgesic
Martindale's 28th
Anesthetic 2,000 ppm
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=2.0 mM
*
Antiaggregant IC50=750
*
Antiallergic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antiasthmatic
Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill
Livinston, Edinburgh.
Antibacillus MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antibacterial MIC=0.625-2.5
*
Antibronchitic
Martindale's 28th
Antidandruff
A.L.L. Hunting. Encyclopedia of Shampoo Ingredients. Micelle Press, Cranford NJ. 467 pp.
Antiescherichic MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antihalitosic
American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
Antihistaminic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antiinflammatory
Martindale's 28th
Antilisteria MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Antineuralgic
*
Antiodontalgic
Martindale's 28th
Antipruritic
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Antipyretic
*
Antirheumatic
Martindale's 28th
Antisalmonella MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Antiseptic 4 x phenol
Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antisinusitic
Martindale's 28th
Antispasmodic ED50=0.01 mg/ml
Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Antistreptococcic MIC=0.4 mg/ml
*
Antitartar
*
Antivaginitic
*
Antivulvitic
*
Bradycardic 65 mg/3 x day/woman
Martindale's 28th
Bronchomucolytic
Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200.
Bronchomucotropic
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Bronchorrheic
Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 200.
Calcium-Antagonist
*
Candidicide MIC=0.625 mg/ml
*
Carminative
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Choleretic
*
Ciliotoxic
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
CNS-Depressant
*
CNS-Stimulant
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Congestant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Convulsant
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Counterirritant
*
Decongestant? 11 mg/man
Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990.
Dermatitigenic
*
Diaphoretic
Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Enterorelaxant
J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.
Expectorant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Gastrosedative
Merck 11th Edition
Irritant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Myorelaxant
Martindale's 29th
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml
Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Neurodepressant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Neuropathogenic 40-100 mg/day/rat
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Nociceptive
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Perfumery
Merck 11th Edition
Pesticide
*
Refrigerant
Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Rubefacient
*
Termiticide
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Transdermal
*
Vibriocide
*
|
||||||
| 30 | MENTHONE | Shoot | -- | 644.0 | -0.71 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Acaricide
*
Allelopathic
*
Analgesic
*
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=1.4 mM
*
Antiaggregant IC50=750
*
Antiallergic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antibacillary MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antibacterial MIC=0.625-5 mg/ml
*
Antiescherichic MIC=5 mg/ml
*
Antihistaminic
J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jap. 33(6): 569.
Antilisteria MIC=1.25 mg/ml
*
Antisalmonella MIC=5 mg/ml
*
Antiseptic 2.25 x phenol
Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Antispasmodic ED50=0.044 mg/ml
Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Antistaphylococcic MIC=0.625-2.5 mg/ml
*
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide MIC=2.5 mg/ml
*
Cerebrotoxic orl man
J. Aromatherapy 4: 24.
Culicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
*
FLavor FEMA 5-50
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
*
Insecticide LC50=156-194 mg/l
*
Larvicide LC50=156-194 mg/l
*
Mutagenic
*
Nematicide MLC=1 mg/ml
Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183.
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
*
Psychoactive
*
Sedative
Ortiz de Urbina, A.V., Martin*, M.L., Montero, M.J., Moran, A., and San Roman, L. 1988. Sedating and Antipyretic Activity of the Essential Oil of Calamintha sylvatica subsp. Ascendens. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 25: 165-171, 1989.
Trichomonicide LD100=600 ug/ml
*
|
||||||
| 22 | MYRCENE | Shoot | -- | 28.0 | -0.31 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
ACE-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
*
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 100 ug/ml
Okamura, K., Iwakami, S., Matsunaga, T. 1992. Biological Activity of Monoterpenes from Trees. Toyama-Ken Yakuji Kenkyusho Nenpo, (20): 95-101.
Allergenic
*
Analgesic
Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antibacterial
*
Anticonvulsant
*
Antimutagenic
Kauderer, B., Zamith, H., Paumgartten, F.J.R., and Speit, G. Evaluation of the Mutagenicity of B-Myrcene in Mammalian Cells In Vitro. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 18: 28-34, 1991.
Antinitrosaminic
*
Antinociceptive 10-20 mg/kg ipr mus
Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antinociceptive 20-40 mg/kg scu mus
Rao, V.S.N., Menezes, A.M.S., Viana, G.S.B. 1990. Effect of myrcene on nociception in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 877-878, 1990.
Antioxidant
Jim Duke's personal files.
Antispasmodic
Jim Duke's personal files.
Chemopreventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
FLavor FEMA 0.5-9
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Hypothermic
*
Insectifuge
*
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Myorelaxant 100-200 mg/kg
*
P450-2B1-Inhibitor IC50=0.14 uM
*
Perfumery
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Pesticide
*
|
||||||
| 16 | P-CYMENE | Shoot | -- | 21.0 | -0.48 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Analgesic
Martindale's 28th
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC40=1.2 mM
*
Antibacillary
*
Antibacterial
*
Antiflu
*
Antirheumatalgic
Martindale's 28th
Antiviral
*
FLavor FEMA 12-250
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Herbicide IC50=50 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge
Blaschek, W., Hansel, R., Keller, K., Reichling, J., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1998. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Auflage Band 2 (A-K), 909 pp., (L-Z), 858 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Irritant
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Laxative
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Pesticide
*
Sedative
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Trichomonicide LD100=50 ug/ml
*
|
||||||
| 3 | PIPERITENONE | Shoot | -- | 1533.0 | 0.12 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=110 ug/ml
*
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Toxic 10,000/man
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
|
||||||
| 7 | PIPERITONE | Shoot | -- | 168.0 | -0.19 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
Antiasthmatic
*
FLavor FEMA 1-2
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide IC50=30 mM
Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Herbicide IC50=75 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge (> DEET)
Bowers, W.S., Ortego, F., You, X., and Evans, P.H. Insect Repellents From The Chinese Prickly Ash Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Journal of Natural Products, 56(6): 935-938, 1993.
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
*
|
||||||
| 28 | PULEGONE | Shoot | -- | 3577.0 | -0.24 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
|
AChE-Inhibitor
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=0.9 mM
*
Antiacetylcholinesterase IC50=136 ug/ml
*
Antialzheimeran?
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antibacterial
Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
Anticholinesterase
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Antihistaminic
Ortiz De Urbina, A.V., Martin, M.L., Montero, M.J., Carron, R., Sevilla, M.A., San Roman, L. 1989. Antihistaminic activity of pulegone on the guinea-pig ileum. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 295-296, 1990.
Antipyretic
*
Avifuge
*
Cancer-Preventive
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide
Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
Cerebrotoxic orl man
J. Aromatherapy 4: 24.
Encephalopathic 80 mg/kg orl rat
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
FLavor FEMA 5-30
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Fungicide
Economou, D., and Nahrstedt, A. 1991. Chemical, Physiological, and Toxicological Aspects of the Essential Oil of Some Species of the Genus Bystropogon*. Planta Medica, 57: 347, 1991.
Glutathionalytic
Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
Hallucinogenic
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Hepatotoxic
Lewis, E.J. and Friedrich, E.C. 1989. The Essential Oil of Poliomintha incana. Planta Medica 56(2): 224-226, 1990.
Herbicide IC50=1.5 uM
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insecticide
Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Insectifuge
*
Nephrotoxic
R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Neurotoxic
*
Perfumery
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide
*
Pulifuge
*
Pulmonotoxic
*
Sedative
*
|
||||||
| # Activity | Chemical Name | Part | Low PPM | High PPM | StdDev | *Reference |
|---|
| # Chemical | Activity Name | *Reference |
|---|---|---|
 |
||
*Unless otherwise noted all references are to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.