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Chemical ID
BETAPINENE
Ubiquitous
No
| Dosage | Reference |
|---|---|
| LD50=4,700 mg/kg (orl rat) | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. |
| Activity | Dosage | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Allergenic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antiinflammatory | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antiseptic | not available | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Antispasmodic | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Candidicide | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| FLavor | FEMA 15-600 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Herbicide | not available | Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp. |
| Insectifuge | not available | Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990. |
| Irritant | not available | Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253. |
| Perfumery | not available | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Pesticide | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Spasmogenic | not available | Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp. |
| Transdermal | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Plant Name | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abies alba | Leaf | 218.0 | 304.0 | 0.0 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Abies alba | Resin, Exudate, Sap | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Abies spectabilis | Leaf | 165.0 | 255.0 | -0.1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Achillea millefolium | Leaf | 1.0 | 720.0 | 0.6 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Acinos alpinus | Shoot | not available | 0.5 | -0.1 | Velasco-Negueruela,A., Perez-Alonso,M.J., Jiminez,S.M. and Garcia,F.M. 1993. The Volatile Constituents of Acinus alpinus (L.) Moench ssp. meridionalis (Nyman). P.W. Ball Growing in Spain. Flav. & Frag. J. 8:127-130.) |
| Acinos alpinus | Shoot | not available | 0.5 | -0.1 | Velasco-Negueruela,A., Perez-Alonso,M.J., Jiminez,S.M. and Garcia,F.M. 1993. The Volatile Constituents of Acinus alpinus (L.) Moench ssp. meridionalis (Nyman). P.W. Ball Growing in Spain. Flav. & Frag. J. 8:127-130.) |
| Acinos suaveolens | Shoot | not available | 11300.0 | 0.7 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Acorus calamus | Rhizome | not available | 150.0 | 1.1 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Aeolanthus myriantha | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Wealth of India. |
| Aesculus hippocastanum | Flower Essent. Oil | not available | 122000.0 | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Agastache foeniculum | Plant | 2.0 | 25.0 | -0.4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Agastache nepetoides | Plant | not available | 2.0 | -0.4 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Agastache rugosa | Tissue Culture | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Agastache rugosa | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Agastache urticifolia | Plant | not available | 46.0 | -0.4 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Agathosma betulina | Leaf Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Ageratum conyzoides | Plant | 0.8 | 6.5 | -0.4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Ageratum conyzoides | Shoot | not available | 240.0 | -0.1 | R. Vera, (1993); Chemical composition of the essential oil Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) from Reunion, Flavour Fragr. J., Vol.8, 257-260. |
| Aloysia citrodora | Plant | 5.0 | 35.0 | -0.4 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| Alpinia galanga | Leaf | not available | 170.0 | -0.2 | Duke, 1992 * |