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| Chemical Name | Dosage | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| FRITILLARINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| GUAIACOL | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| HOMOPHLEINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ISOCONESSINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| KAWAIN | =cocaine 0.25% | Duke, 1992 * |
| L-TETRAHYDROPALMATINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| LIDOCAINE | not available | Martindale's 29th |
| LINALOOL | 0.01-1 ug/ml | Duke, 1992 * |
| LINALYL-ACETATE | 0.01-1 ug/ml | Duke, 1992 * |
| MENTHOL | 2,000 ppm | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| METHYL-EUGENOL | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| METHYL-ISOEUGENOL | not available | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| METHYSTICIN | 0.25% | Duke, 1992 * |
| MITRAGYNINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| MITRAPHYLLINE | not available | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
| MURICATIN-A | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| MYRISTICIN | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| NEOCONESSINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| NOR-MACUSINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| NORCASSAIDINE | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Plant Name | Common Name | Chemical Count | Total Parts Per Million |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vaccinium vitis-idaea | Cowberry; Lingen; Lingonberry | 1 | 4, 080 |
| Valeriana officinalis | Valerian; Common Valerian; Garden-Heliotrope | 3 | 8, 145 |
| Vanilla planifolia | Vanilla; Bourbon Vanilla | 8 | 12, 370 |
| Verbascum thapsus | Mullein; Velvetplant; Flannelleaf; Flannelplant; Great Mullein | 2 | 0 |
| Vetiveria zizanioides | Cus-Cus; Vetiver; Cuscus Grass | 3 | 90 |
| Viburnum opulus | Crampbark; European Cranberry Bush; Guelder Rose; Snowballbush | 2 | 30 |
| Viburnum prunifolium | Black Haw | 1 | 90 |
| Vinca minor | Periwinkle; Running-Myrtle | 1 | 0 |
| Viola odorata | Common Violet; Sweet Violet | 3 | 714 |
| Vitex agnus-castus | Chaste-Tree | 3 | 5, 140.5 |
| Vitis vinifera | Grape; European Grape; Wine Grape; Grapevine; Vigne Vinifere (Fr.); Weinrebe (Ger.); Parra (Sp.); Vid (Sp.) | 6 | 2, 184, 000 |
| Withania somnifera | Ashwagandha | 1 | 0 |
| Xanthorhiza simplicissima | Yellowroot | 2 | 13, 000 |
| Xylopia aethiopica | Ethiopian Pepper; Guinea Pepper; Negro Pepper; Spice Tree; Mohrenpfeffer (Ger.); Maniguete (Sp.); Pimienta de Guinea (Sp.) | 1 | 63, 700 |
| Zanthoxylum alatum | Indian Prickly Ash; Wartara Oil Tree | 3 | 90 |
| Zanthoxylum americanum | Northern Prickly Ash | 1 | 0 |
| Zanthoxylum clava-herculis | Pepperbark; Southern Prickly Ash; Hercules'-Club; West Indian Yellowwood | 1 | 0 |
| Zea mays | Corn | 10 | 1, 216 |
| Zingiber officinale | Ginger | 6 | 131, 800 |
| Zizyphus jujuba | Da-Zao; Jujube; Ta-Tsao | 2 | 9, 000 |