Plant Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CALCIUM	28	Fruit	2700.0	4989.0	0.26	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPESTEROL	2	Fruit	30.0	60.0	-0.15	Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
CAMPHENE	9	Fruit	not available	120.0	-0.30	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPHENE	9	Fruit Essent. Oil	1000.0	1400.0	-1.02	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPHENE	9	Seed Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPHOR	41	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAR-3-ENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	28200.0	151000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAR-3-ENE	0	Seed Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARBOHYDRATE	0	Fruit	not available	648100.0	-0.78	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
CARBOHYDRATES	0	Fruit	not available	648100.0	-0.72	Duke, 1992 *
CARVACROL	37	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARVETONACETONE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARVONE	19	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARVONE	19	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	50.0	-0.72	Duke, 1992 *
CARVONE-OXIDE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	100.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLA-2,7(15)-DIEN-4-BETA-OL	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLA-2,7(15)-DIEN-4-OL	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLA-3(12),7(15)DIEN-4-BETA-OL	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Fruit	1000.0	6000.0	-0.22	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Seed Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Proliferant	1	Duke, 1992 *
Prooxidant	4	Duke, 1992 *
Propecic	5	Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandigenic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor	4	Duke, 1992 *
Prostatitigenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor	1	Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14.
Protisticide	3	Duke, 1992 *
Psychoactive	2	R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
PTK-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer	3	Duke, 1992 *
Radioprotective	1	Duke, 1992 *
Renoirritant	1	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Renotoxic	1	Merck 11th Edition
Respirainhibitor	1	Merck 11th Edition
Respirastimulant	1	Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Respirostimulant	1	Sabinsa: A series of well documented proprietary PR booklets, e.g.Sabinsa Corps. 1998. Bronchial Asthma - Its etiology and control with traditional herbal extracts. Sabinsa Corporation. Piscataway, NJ. 49 pp.
Rubefacient	2	Duke, 1992 *
Scabicide	1	Martindale's 29th