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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Piper nigrum

Piper nigrum (Piperaceae)

Common Names
Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
CITRONELLOL 15 Essential Oil *
CITRONELLOL 15 Fruit Essent. Oil 200.0 -1.00 *
CITRONELLYL-ACETATE 2 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CLOVENE 0 Fruit Essent. Oil 1400.0 *
COBALT 2 Fruit 0.3 0.4 -0.49 *
COPPER 12 Fruit 9.0 20.0 0.56 *
CRYPTONE 0 Essential Oil *
CRYPTONE 0 Fruit ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
CRYPTONE 0 Fruit Essent. Oil *
CUBEBINE 0 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CUMAPERINE 0 Fruit *
CUPARENE 1 Fruit Essent. Oil 13800.0 *
D-LIMONENE 19 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
DELTA-3-CARENE 8 Fruit 500.0 2000.0 2.73 *
DELTA-CADINENE 9 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
DELTA-CADINENE 9 Fruit Essent. Oil 1200.0 *
DELTA-CADINENE 9 Leaf Essent. Oil *
DELTA-ELEMENE 0 Fruit *
DELTA-ELEMENE 0 Fruit Essent. Oil 16200.0 *
DIHYDROCARVEOL 2 Essential Oil *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
P450-Inducer 5 Abstract (See species file)
P450-Inhibitor 2 *
PAF-Inhibitor 2 *
Paralytic 2 Oriental Materia Medica (three volumes by Dr. Hsu and collaborators)
Parasiticide 2 Martindale's 29th
Parasympathomimetic 2 Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Pediculicide 3 Merck 11th Edition
Percutaneostimulant 1 Seki, T., Toeda, C., Kawaguchi, T., Juni, K., Sugibayashi, K., and Morimoto, Y. 1990. Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Zidovudine in Rats and Human Skin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(11): 3086-3089, 1990.
Perfume 1 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Perfumery 42 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Peristaltic 3 *
Pesticide 61 *
PGE2-Inhibitor 1 *
Phagocytotic 2 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Pheromone 1 *
Phospholipase-Inhibitor 1 *
Photosensitizer 1 Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Phytoalexin 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Plasmodicide 1 Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Poultice 1 Martindale's 29th