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Common Names
Hawthorn; English Hawthorn
How this plant is used
Medicinal
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PROANTHOCYANIDIN-B2 | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROANTHOCYANIDINS | 34 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| PROCYANIDIN | 11 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-1 | 1 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-1 | 1 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-2 | 1 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-2 | 1 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-4 | 4 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-4 | 4 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-5 | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-B-5 | 0 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-C-1 | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-C-1 | 0 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-D-1 | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-D-1 | 0 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-E | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-E | 0 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-G | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PROCYANIDIN-G | 0 | Pericarp | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| PYCNOGENOL | 6 | Shoot | 10000.0 | 30000.0 | not available | Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp. |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Prostaglandin-Synthetase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Protease-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor | 3 | Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14. |
| Protisticide | 3 | Chemical Express, 7: 285, 1992. |
| PTK-Inhibitor | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Pyrogenic | 1 | Conradson, T. B. G., Dixon, C. M. S., Clarke, B., Barnes, P. J. 1987. Cardiovascular Effects of Infused Adenosine in Man: Potentiation by Dipyridamole. Acta Physiol Scand, 129(3): 387-391. |
| Quinone-Reductase-Inducer | 5 | Uda, Y., Price, K. R., Williamson, G., Rhodes, M. J. C. 1997. Induction of the Anticarcinogenic Marker Enzyme, Quinone Reductase, in Murine Hepatoma Cells In Vitro by Flavonoids. Cancer Lett., 120 (2): 213-216. |
| Radioprotective | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Respirastimulant | 1 | Martindale's 29th |
| Reverse-Transcriptase-Inhibitor | 1 | McKenna, D. J., Hughes, K., and Jones, K. 2000. Green Tea Monograph. Alternative Therapies, 6(3): 61-82. |
| Secretomotor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Sedative | 4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Sialogogue | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Sodium-Sparing | 1 | Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp. |
| Spasmogenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Succinoxidase-Inhibitor | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Sunscreen | 6 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Sweetener | 1 | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| Sympathomimetic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |