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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Citrus paradisi

Citrus paradisi (Rutaceae)

Common Names
Grapefruit
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
CYCLOEUCALENOL 3 Pericarp CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
CYSTINE 2 Fruit 2.0 -1.07 *
D-CADINENE 0 Plant *
D-LIMONENE 19 Fruit 3410.0 9575.0 *
D-LIMONENE 19 Plant 9000.0 2.00 Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
DEACETYL-NOMILIN 0 Seed CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
DEACETYL-NOMILINIC-ACID-17-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE 0 Seed CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
DECANAL 0 Pericarp 9.0 *
DECANOL 2 Pericarp 3.0 *
DECYL-ACETATE 1 Pericarp 0.4 *
DECYL-ALDEHYDE 0 Fruit Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
DECYLIC-ACID 0 Fruit Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
DELTA-3-CARENE 8 Pericarp 0.0 *
DELTA-CADINENE 9 Pericarp 17.0 *
DEOXY-LIMONOL 0 Seed 8.0 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
DIHYDROKAEMPFEROL 0 Fruit CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
DODECANAL 2 Pericarp 0.7 *
ELEMENE 3 Pericarp *
EO 0 Fruit 6000.0 10000.0 -0.63 *
EO 0 Leaf 1800.0 -0.86 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Tachycardic 1 *
Taenicide 1 Martindale's 28th
Teratogenic 4 Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Teratologic 2 *
Termiticide 2 *
Termitifuge 1 Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Testosterone-Inducer 1 *
Testosteronigenic 1 Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Thymoprotective 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor 3 *
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor 4 Santti, R., Makela, S., Strauss, L., Korman, J., Kostian, M. L. 1998. Phytoestrogens: Potential Endocrine Disruptors in Males. Toxicol Ind Health, 14: 223-237.
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor 3 Constantinou, A., Mehta, R., Runyan, C., Rao, K., Vaughan, A., Moon, R. 1995. Flavonoids as DNA Topoisomerase Antagonists and Poisons: Structure-Activity Relationships. J Natural Products, 58: 217-225.
Toxic 1 Martindale's 28th
Tranquilizer 3 Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jun-90.
Transdermal 4 *
Tremorigenic 1 Martindale's 28th
Trichomonicide 6 Martindale's 29th
Triglycerigenic 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Trypanocide 1 *
Tumor-Promoter 2 Jim Duke's personal files.