Chemical BETA-PINENE | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

U.S. Department of Agriculture

Chemical ID

BETAPINENE

Ubiquitous

No

List of known dosages
Dosage	Reference
LD50=4,700 mg/kg (orl rat)	Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.

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List of chemical activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Dosage	Reference
Allergenic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antiinflammatory	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Antiseptic	not available	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
Antispasmodic	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Candidicide	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FLavor	FEMA 15-600	Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Herbicide	not available	Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Insectifuge	not available	Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Irritant	not available	Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery	not available	Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Pesticide	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Spasmogenic	not available	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Transdermal	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of chemical plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Plant Name	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
Umbellularia californica	Plant	230.0	920.0	0.6	Duke, 1992 *
Valeriana officinalis	Root	50.0	960.0	0.4	Duke, 1992 *
Valeriana officinalis	Leaf Essent. Oil	5400.0	43000.0	1.0	Duke, 1992 *
Valeriana officinalis	Root Essent. Oil	not available	48000.0	-0.5	Duke, 1992 *
Valeriana officinalis	Leaf	12.0	1100.0	1.2	Father Nature's Farmacy: The aggregate of all these three-letter citations.
Vetiveria zizanioides	Root	not available	15.0	-0.7	Duke, 1992 *
Vitex agnus-castus	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	9800.0	-0.6	Jim Duke's personal files.
Vitex agnus-castus	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
Vitex agnus-castus	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	8300.0	-0.7	Jim Duke's personal files.
Vitex agnus-castus	Leaf	not available	2.5	-0.4	Ekundayo, O., Laakso, I., Holopainen, M., Hiltunen, R., Oguntimein, B., and Kauppinen, V. 1990. The Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Leaf Oil of Vitex agnus-castus L. J. Essential Oil Research, 2: 115-119.
Vitex agnus-castus	Fruit	600.0	4000.0	-0.2	Duke, 1992 *
Zea mays	Silk Essent. Oil	not available	3000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
Zingiber officinale	Rhizome	not available	100.0	0.2	Duke, 1992 *
Zingiber officinale	Rhizome Essent. Oil	not available	5300.0	1.2	Duke, 1992 *