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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Cytotoxic

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
VERNOMENIN ED50=5-20 ppm Biosyn. Prod. Cancer Chemotherapy (Petit et al)
VERNOMYGDIN ED50=1.5 Biosyn. Prod. Cancer Chemotherapy (Petit et al)
VULGARIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
WARBURGANAL 10 ppb Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
WITHAFERIN-A ED50=0.28-40 *
XANTHOMICROL Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
XANTHOTOXIN ED50=7-29 ug/ml Saqib, Q. N., Hui, Y. H., Anderson, J. E. and McLaughlin, J. L. 1990. Bioactive Furanocoumarins from the Berries of Zanthoxylum americanum. Phytotherapy Research 4(6): 216-219.
XANTHOTOXOL Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
XEROPHILUSIN-A IC50=0.12-2.22 ug/ml Hou, A., Li, M, Jiang, B., Lin, Z., Ji, S., Zhou, Y., Sun, H. 2000. New 7,20:14,20-Diepoxy ent-Kauranoids from Isodon xerophilus. J. Natural Products, 63(5): 599-601.
XEROPHILUSIN-B IC50=0.17-0.73 ug/ml Hou, A., Li, M, Jiang, B., Lin, Z., Ji, S., Zhou, Y., Sun, H. 2000. New 7,20:14,20-Diepoxy ent-Kauranoids from Isodon xerophilus. J. Natural Products, 63(5): 599-601.
ZINIOLIDE *
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Cichorium intybus Chicory; Witloof; Succory 11 2, 418
Cimicifuga dahurica Sheng Ma 1 0
Cimicifuga racemosa Black Cohosh; Black Snakeroot 2 0
Cinchona officinalis Lojabark; Quinine 3 0
Cinchona pubescens Quinine; Red Cinchona; Red Peruvian-Bark; Redbark 8 308, 260
Cinchona spp Quinine 8 40, 000
Cinnamomum aromaticum Cassia; Cassia Bark; Cassia Lignea; Chinese Cassia; Chinese Cinnamon; China Junk Cassia; Saigon Cinnamon; Zimtcassie (Ger.); Canela de la China (Sp.); Canelero chino (Sp.); Chinazimt (Ger.); Chinesischer Zimtbaum (Ger.); Kashia-Keihi (Jap.); Canelle de Cochinchine (Fr.); Cannelier Casse (Fr.); Cannelier de Chine (Fr.) 6 341, 736
Cinnamomum camphora Camphor; Ho Leaf 4 0
Cinnamomum sieboldii Japanese Cinnamon 2 0
Cinnamomum verum Cinnamon; Ceylon Cinnamon 7 6, 127, 190
Cissampelos pareira Butua; False Pareira; Pareira 1 0
Cistus ladaniferus Ambreine; Gum Cistus; Labdanum; Rockrose 1 4, 200
Cistus laurifolius 1 26.600000381469727
Citrullus colocynthis Colocynth 5 0
Citrullus lanatus Watermelon 3 0
Citrus aurantiifolia Lime 2 20
Citrus aurantium Petitgrain; Bitter Orange 3 5, 590
Citrus limon Lemon 7 198, 479
Citrus medica Citron 1 0
Citrus paradisi Grapefruit 8 129