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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
HYPEROSIDE Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
INDOLE *
IRIDINE IC21=10uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
ISOCHLOROGENIC-ACID-A 4 ug/ml Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
ISOCHLOROGENIC-ACID-B 4 ug/ml Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
ISOFRAXIDIN 10 ug/ml cow (weak activity, 18% inhibition) Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
ISOLIQUIRITIGENIN 0.1 ug/ml *
ISOLIQUIRITIGENIN IC50=0.32 uM *
ISOLIQUIRITIN IC50=0.72 uM Aida, K., Tawata, M., Shindo, H., Onaya, T., Sasaki, H., Yamaguchi, T., Chin, M.(Chen, Z.), and Mitsuhashi, H. 1989. Isoliquiritigenin: A New Aldose Reductase Inhibitor from Glycyrrhizae Radix. Planta Medica 56(3): 254-258.
ISOQUERCITRIN Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
ISOSCOPOLETIN 10 ug/ml cow (weak activity) Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
JIOCAROTENOSIDE-A-1 Sasaki, H., Nishimura, H., Morota, T., Katshara, T., Zhengxiong, C., Mitsuhashi, H. 1991. Norcarotenoid Glycosides of Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea. Phytochemistry, 30(5): 1639-1644.
JIONOSIDE IC50=0.51uM *
JUGLANIN IC65=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
KAEMPFEROL 100 uM Oliveira, T. T., Nagem, T. J., Miranda, L. C. G., Paula, V. F., Teixeira, M. A. 1997. Inhibitory Action on Aldose Reductase by Soybean Flavonoids. J Braz Chem Soc, 8(3): 211-213.
KAEMPFEROL-3-RHAMNOSIDE IC43=1uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
KAEMPFEROL-3-RHAMNOSIDE IC85=10 uM *
KAEMPFEROL=3=NEOHESPERIDOSIDE IC30=10uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
KOLAVIRON IC50= 5.4 Iwu, M. M., Igboko, O. A., Okunji, C. O., and Tempesta, M. S., Antidiabetic and aldose reductase activities in biflavanones of Garcinia kola, J. Pharm Pharmacol, 42(4), 1990, 290-2.
KOLAVIRON IC50=5.4 Iwu, M. M., Igboko, O. A., Okunji, C. O., and Tempesta, M. S., Antidiabetic and aldose reductase activities in biflavanones of Garcinia kola, J. Pharm Pharmacol, 42(4), 1990, 290-2.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Cimicifuga racemosa Black Cohosh; Black Snakeroot 3 270
Cinchona officinalis Lojabark; Quinine 1 0
Cinchona pubescens Quinine; Red Cinchona; Red Peruvian-Bark; Redbark 3 0
Cinchona spp Quinine 1 0
Cinnamomum aromaticum Cassia; Cassia Bark; Cassia Lignea; Chinese Cassia; Chinese Cinnamon; China Junk Cassia; Saigon Cinnamon; Zimtcassie (Ger.); Canela de la China (Sp.); Canelero chino (Sp.); Chinazimt (Ger.); Chinesischer Zimtbaum (Ger.); Kashia-Keihi (Jap.); Canelle de Cochinchine (Fr.); Cannelier Casse (Fr.); Cannelier de Chine (Fr.) 7 4, 944
Cinnamomum camphora Camphor; Ho Leaf 9 2, 220
Cinnamomum verum Cinnamon; Ceylon Cinnamon 10 7, 774.799999237061
Cistus ladaniferus Ambreine; Gum Cistus; Labdanum; Rockrose 4 8, 680
Citrullus colocynthis Colocynth 4 122
Citrullus lanatus Watermelon 4 33, 094
Citrus aurantiifolia Lime 6 8, 564
Citrus aurantium Petitgrain; Bitter Orange 16 16, 736
Citrus limon Lemon 18 344, 537.5
Citrus mitis Calamansi; Calamondin 4 23, 198
Citrus paradisi Grapefruit 17 217, 693
Citrus reticulata Mandarin; Tangerine 13 410, 882.6000006199
Citrus sinensis Orange 17 217, 937.66000041366
Citrus spp Citrus 1 0
Clematis vitalba Traveler's Joy 2 0
Cleonia lusitanica Spanish Heal-All 3 16