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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
NEOASTILBIN 60 uM pig Haraguchi, H., Ohmi, I., Masuda, H., Tamura, Y., Mizutani, K., Tanaka, O., Chou, W. H. 1996. Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Dihydroflavonols in Engelhardtia chrysolepis and Effects on Other Enzymes. Experientia, 52(6): 564-567.
NEPETIN ED50=1 uM *
NEPETRIN ED50=1-10 uM *
NEROLIDOL *
NEVADENSIN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
ORAPOSIDE IC50=0.15 uM Andary, C. Caffeic Acid Glycoside Esters and Pharmacology. Polyphenolic Phenom, 1993: 237-245.
OROXYLIN-A IC50=52 uM rat Shin, K. H., Chae, Y. J., Chung, M. S., Lee, H. J. 1994. Effect of Flavonoids from Scutellariae radix on Cataract Formation and Polyol Accumulation in Rat Lens. Korean J Pharmacog, 25(1): 41-46.
OXYAYANIN-A IC27=10uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
P-COUMARIC-ACID 4 ug/ml (weak activity) Ichikawa, K., et al. 1991. Isolation and Structure Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Traditional Thai Medicine, and Syntheses of Their Derivatives. Sankyo Kenkyusho Nempo, 43: 99-110.
PECTOLINARIGENIN IC25=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
PECTOLINARIN IC42=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
PENTABROMOPROPEN-2-YL-DIBROMO-ACETATE 4 ug/ml Sugano, M., Sato, A., Nagaki, H., Yoshioka, S., Shiraki, T., Horikoshi, H. 1990. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Red Alga, Asparagopsis taxiformis. Tetrahedron Lett, 31(48): 7015-7016.
PENTABROMOPROPEN-2-YL-TRIBROMO-ACETATE 4 ug/ml Sugano, M., Sato, A., Nagaki, H., Yoshioka, S., Shiraki, T., Horikoshi, H. 1990. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from the Red Alga, Asparagopsis taxiformis. Tetrahedron Lett, 31(48): 7015-7016.
PERILLOSIDE-A 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-A 0.1 mM/l hmn (weak activity) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-B 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-C 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-C 0.1 mM/l hmn (weak activity) Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PERILLOSIDE-D 0.1 mM/l rat Fujita, T., Ohira, K., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, M. 1995. Inhibitory Effect of Perillosides A and C, Related Monoterpene Glucosides on Aldose Reductase and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Chem Pharm Bull, 43(6): 920-926.
PROTOPINE 50 uM Kubo, M., et al. 1994. Studies on Anti-cataract Drugs from Natural Sources. I. Effects of a Methanolic Extract and the Alkaloidal Components from Corydalis Tuber on in vit Aldose Reductase Activity. Biol Pharm Bull, 17(3): 458-459.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Chamaecytisus smyrnaeus 1 0
Chamaecytisus supinus 1 0
Chamaemelum nobile Garden Camomile; Perennial Camomile; Roman Camomile 12 801
Chamaespartium sagittale 1 0
Chamaespartium tridentatum 1 0
Chelidonium majus Celandine 2 0
Chenopodium album Lambsquarter 3 9, 000
Chenopodium ambrosioides Epazote; Wormseed 3 2, 040
Chimaphila umbellata King's Cure; Pipsissewa 3 0
Chondrus crispus Irish Moss 1 130
Chronanthus biflorus 1 0
Chrysanthemum coronarium Garland Chrysanthemum 1 9, 130
Chrysanthemum parthenium Feverfew 6 735.5
Chrysanthemum x morifolium Chrysanthemum; Florist's Chrysanthemum; Mum; Ju Hua (Pinyin) 8 624
Chrysobalanus icaco Cocoa plum; Icaco 1 2, 840
Chrysophyllum cainito Caimito; Star Apple 1 1, 280
Cicer arietinum Chickpea; Garbanzo 2 204.1999969482422
Cichorium endivia Endive; Escarole 3 18, 604
Cichorium intybus Chicory; Witloof; Succory 15 131, 644.5
Cimicifuga dahurica Sheng Ma 1 0