Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture

Plant Cichorium endivia (Asteraceae)

Common Names
Endive, Escarole
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
ALANINE 3 Leaf 620.0 9984.0 -0.61 *
ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID 15 Leaf 130.0 2093.0 -0.90 *
ALUMINUM 5 Leaf 60.0 168.0 -0.60 *
ARGININE 14 Leaf 620.0 9984.0 -0.63 *
ARSENIC 2 Leaf 0.0 0.0 -0.60 *
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Leaf 462.0 9302.0 0.42 *
ASH 0 Leaf 13590.0 240000.0 2.13 *
ASPARTIC-ACID 3 Leaf 1300.0 20934.0 -0.38 *
BARIUM 0 Leaf 14.0 24.0 -0.98 *
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Leaf 9.6 241.0 -0.09 *
BETA-LACTUCEROL 0 Latex Exudate *
BORON 4 Leaf 1.0 24.0 -1.01 *
CADMIUM 3 Leaf 0.2 0.2 -0.76 *
CAFFEIC-ACID 102 Leaf *
CALCIUM 28 Leaf 462.0 10080.0 -0.57 *
CAOUTCHOUC 0 Latex Exudate *
CARBOHYDRATES 0 Leaf 33500.0 539452.0 -0.58 *
CHROMIUM 24 Leaf 0.3 0.5 -0.61 *
COBALT 2 Leaf 0.2 0.2 -0.30 *
COPPER 12 Leaf 1.0 16.8 -0.30 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
XLSX
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
11B-HSD-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 5 (View) *
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Acarifuge 1 (View) *
ACE-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Acidulant 1 (View) Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Adjuvant 1 (View) Merck 11th Edition
Alcohol-Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor 1 (View) Martindale's 29th
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 3 (View) *
Allelochemic 1 (View) Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Allergenic 6 (View) *
Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 1 (View) *
Amphiglycemic? 1 (View) Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Analgesic 7 (View) *
Androgenic 1 (View) *
Androgenic? 1 (View) Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Anemiagenic 2 (View) *
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker 3 (View) *
Anorexic 2 (View) Forest H. Nielsen, USDA, Grand Forks, various publications.