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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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ACE-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
OLEACEIN IC50=26 uM/ *
OLEACEIN IC50=36 uM/ *
OLEOSIDE 0.33 mg/ml (weak activity, 70% inhibition) *
OLEOSIDE-11-METHYL-ESTER 0.33 mg/ml (weak activity, 16% inhibition) *
OLEUROPEIN 0.33 mg/ml (weak activity, 8% inhibition) *
PEPSTATIN IC50@ug/ml *
PHENACEIN IC50=0.58 uM/ *
PROCYANIDIN-B-1 0.33 mg/ml (58.2% inhibition) *
PROCYANIDIN-B-2-3,3'-DI-O-GALLATE ED50=2.2 uM/ *
PROCYANIDIN-B-3 0.33 mg/ml (62.1% inhibition) *
PROCYANIDIN-B-3-3-O-GALLATE *
PROCYANIDIN-B-5-3,3'-DI-O-GALLATE ED50=1.3 uM/ *
PROCYANIDIN-B-6 0.17 mg/ml (36.7% inhibition) *
PROCYANIDIN-C-1-3,3',3''-TRI-O-GALLATE ED50=1.7 uM/ *
PROCYANIDIN-C-2 0.17 mg/ml (43.8% inhibition) *
PROCYANIDINS IC30-90=150-333 ug/ml *
PYCNOGENOL 32 mg/kg ivn rat *
PYCNOGENOL IC50=35 ug/ml hmn *
QUERCETIN-3-(2''-O-GALLOYL)-GLUCOSIDE ID50=300 ug/ml rat (24 hr.) *
QUERCETIN-3-O-(2''-O-GALLOYL)-GLUCOSIDE IC50=2.7 mM/l *
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Citrullus lanatus Watermelon 1 8
Citrus aurantiifolia Lime 5 3, 879
Citrus aurantium Petitgrain; Bitter Orange 5 2, 874
Citrus limon Lemon 7 338, 640
Citrus medica Citron 1 14
Citrus mitis Calamansi; Calamondin 3 48
Citrus paradisi Grapefruit 5 435
Citrus reticulata Mandarin; Tangerine 5 403, 432
Citrus sinensis Orange 5 161.5600000321865
Cleonia lusitanica Spanish Heal-All 3 16
Cnicus benedictus Blessed Thistle 3 0
Cnidium officinale Jih-Chiung 1 16
Cocos nucifera Coconut; Coconut Palm; Copra; Nariyal; Kokospalme (Ger.); Cocotero (Sp.) 2 150
Coix lacryma-jobi Adlay; Adlay Millet; Job'S-Tears; Yi-Yi-Ren 1 80
Coleus barbatus Forskohl's Coleus 4 25, 800
Colocasia esculenta Taro 1 72.59999990463257
Commiphora wightii Guggul; Indian Bdellium-Tree 3 0
Conyza canadensis Butterweed; Hogweed; Horseweed 1 0
Coptis chinensis Chinese Goldthread; Huang-Lian; Huang-Lien 1 1, 800
Coptis japonica Huang-Lia; Huang-Lian; Huang-Lien; Japanese Goldthread 1 2, 400