Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
MENTHOL	63	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
METHYL-ISOBUTYL-KETONE	2	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
MONTANYL-ALCOHOL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
MORRONISIDE	0	Shoot	not available	1400.0	1.00	Duke, 1992 *
MUCILAGE	3	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
MYRCENE	22	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
MYRISTIC-ACID	6	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
MYRISTIC-ACID	6	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-HENEICOSANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-HENTRIACONTANE	3	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-HEPTACOSANE	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
N-HEPTADECANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-HEXACOSANE	2	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
N-NONACOSANE	1	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-NONADECANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-OCTACOSANE	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
N-OCTADECANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-PENTACOSANE	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
N-TETRADECANE	0	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
N-TRIACONTANE	0	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Cosmetic	4	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Counterirritant	1	Duke, 1992 *
COX-1-Inhibitor	2	Duke, 1992 *
COX-2-Inhibitor	7	Duke, 1992 *
Culicide	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cyanogenic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Cyclooxygenase-Activator	1	Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor	5	Duke, 1992 *
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cytoprotective	2	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Cytotoxic	10	Duke, 1992 *
Decongestant?	1	Eccles, R., et al. 1989. The effects of oral administration of (-)-menthol on nasal resistance to airflow and nasal sensation of airflow in subjects suffering from nasal congestion associated with the common cold. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 652-654, 1990.
Deiodinase-Inhibitor	1	Jim Duke's personal files.
Demulcent	3	Duke, 1992 *
Deodorant	2	Can. Pharm. Assoc. Medication. 1988
Dermatitigenic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Detoxicant	2	Duke, 1992 *
Detoxicant (Alcohol)	1	Duke, 1992 *
Diaphoretic	2	Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Diaphoretic?	3	Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.