An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Piper nigrum

Piper nigrum (Piperaceae)

Common Names
Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper
How this plant is used
Food

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
CARYOPHYLLENE-ALCOHOL 1 Fruit Essent. Oil 700.0 *
CARYOPHYLLENE-KETONE 0 Fruit *
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE 8 Fruit Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE 8 Fruit Essent. Oil 9000.0 1.00 *
CEDROL 3 Fruit Essent. Oil 700.0 *
CHAVICINE 1 Fruit *
CHLORINE 7 Fruit 2700.0 5100.0 2.98 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
CHOLINE 20 Seed 1642.0 -0.03 *
CHROMIUM 24 Fruit 3.0 3.5 -0.02 *
CINNAMIC-ACID 18 Fruit *
CIS-2,8-MENTHADIEN-2-OL 0 Fruit *
CIS-CARVEOL 0 Fruit *
CIS-CARVEOL 0 Fruit Essent. Oil 50.0 -1.00 *
CIS-NEROLIDOL 0 Fruit Essent. Oil 2000.0 *
CIS-OCIMENE 3 Fruit *
CIS-P-2-MENTHEN-1-OL 0 Fruit *
CIS-SABINENE-HYDRATE 0 Fruit *
CIS-TRANS-PIPERINE 0 Fruit *
CITRAL 53 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CITRONELLAL 20 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Schizophrenigenic 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Secretogogue 2 *
Sedative 22 Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176)
Serotoninergic 3 Jim Duke's personal files.
Sialogogue 1 *
Soap 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Soporific 1 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Spasmogenic 6 Fitoterapia No.59-1984.
Spermicide 2 Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Spermigenic 2 *
Spinoconvulsant 1 *
Stimulant 2 R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
Stomachic 1 *
Sunscreen 2 Lazarova*, G., Kostova, I., Neychev, H. 1992. Photodynamic damage prevention by some hydroxycoumarins. Fitoterapia 64(2): 134-136, 1993.
Suppository 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Surfactant 1 *
Tachycardic 1 Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Teratogenic 2 *
Teratologic 2 *
Termiticide 3 *