Plant Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
ALPHA-CIS-BERGAMOTENE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-CIS-BERGAMOTENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-CIS-BERGAMOTENE	0	Seed Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-COPAENE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ALPHA-COPAENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	8200.0	15800.0	1.00	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-CUBEBENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	16200.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-CUBEBINE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-GUAIENE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-GUAIENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	1100.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-GURJUNENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	7800.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-HUMULENE	2	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-HUMULENE	2	Fruit Essent. Oil	2100.0	19500.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-HUMULENE	2	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-LINOLENIC-ACID	15	Fruit	2200.0	2458.0	-0.04	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE	11	Fruit Essent. Oil	6800.0	36000.0	-0.56	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE	11	Seed Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-PINENE	28	Essential Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-PINENE	28	Fruit	not available	3810.0	0.28	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-PINENE	28	Fruit Essent. Oil	45000.0	94000.0	0.40	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-PINENE	28	Seed Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
GABA-nergic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Gastroprotective	3	Duke, 1992 *
Glaucomagenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Glutathionigenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Goitrogenic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Gonadotrophic	1	Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Gram(+)icide	1	Duke, 1992 *
Gram(-)icide	1	Duke, 1992 *
GST-Inducer	1	Duke, 1992 *
Hallucinogenic	1	Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
Hemolytic	1	Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hemostat	3	Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Hemostatic	1	Merck 11th Edition
Hepatocarcinogenic	2	Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hepatomagenic	2	Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Hepatoprotective	13	Duke, 1992 *
Hepatoregenerative	2	CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hepatotonic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Hepatotoxic	3	Martindale's 29th