An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Piper nigrum

Piper nigrum (Piperaceae)

Common Names
Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper
How this plant is used
Food

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
ALPHA-SANTALENE 0 Fruit *
ALPHA-SANTALENE 0 Fruit Essent. Oil *
ALPHA-SELINENE 3 Fruit *
ALPHA-SELINENE 3 Fruit Essent. Oil 700.0 *
ALPHA-TERPINENE 13 Fruit *
ALPHA-TERPINENE 13 Fruit Essent. Oil 3000.0 -0.57 *
ALPHA-TERPINENE 13 Seed Essent. Oil *
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 23 Fruit *
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 23 Fruit Essent. Oil 1000.0 -0.91 *
ALPHA-TERPINEOL ACETATE 0 Fruit Essent. Oil 8600.0 -1.00 *
ALPHA-THUJENE 0 Fruit *
ALPHA-THUJENE 0 Fruit Essent. Oil 7300.0 29000.0 -0.23 *
ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL 32 Fruit 0.1 -1.12 Charalambous, G. (Ed.). 1994. Spices, Herbs and Edible Fungi. Elsevier Science B. V. Amsterdam. 764 pp.
ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL 32 Resin, Exudate, Sap 1000.0 *
ALPHA-TRANS-BERGAMOTENE 0 Fruit *
ALPHA-ZINGIBERENE 1 Fruit Essent. Oil 50100.0 *
AR-CURCUMENE 3 Fruit *
AR-CURCUMENE 3 Fruit Essent. Oil 2600.0 *
ARACHIDIC-ACID 0 Fruit =ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Fruit 10.0 -0.28 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
GABA-nergic 1 *
Gastroprotective 3 *
Glaucomagenic 1 *
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor 1 *
Glutathionigenic 1 *
Goitrogenic 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Gonadotrophic 1 Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Gram(+)icide 1 *
Gram(-)icide 1 *
GST-Inducer 1 *
Hallucinogenic 1 Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
Hemolytic 1 Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hemostat 3 Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Hemostatic 1 Merck 11th Edition
Hepatocarcinogenic 2 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Hepatomagenic 2 Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Hepatoprotective 13 *
Hepatoregenerative 2 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
Hepatotonic 2 *
Hepatotoxic 3 Martindale's 29th