Plant Piper nigrum (Piperaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CITRONELLOL	15	Essential Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CITRONELLOL	15	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	200.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
CITRONELLYL-ACETATE	2	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CLOVENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	1400.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
COBALT	2	Fruit	0.3	0.4	-0.49	Duke, 1992 *
COPPER	12	Fruit	9.0	20.0	0.56	Duke, 1992 *
CRYPTONE	0	Essential Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CRYPTONE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
CRYPTONE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CUBEBINE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CUMAPERINE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CUPARENE	1	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	13800.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
D-LIMONENE	19	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
DELTA-3-CARENE	8	Fruit	500.0	2000.0	2.73	Duke, 1992 *
DELTA-CADINENE	9	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
DELTA-CADINENE	9	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	1200.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DELTA-CADINENE	9	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DELTA-ELEMENE	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DELTA-ELEMENE	0	Fruit Essent. Oil	not available	16200.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DIHYDROCARVEOL	2	Essential Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Antiosteosclerotic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiotitic	2	Martindale's 28th
Antiototic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antioxidant	33	Jim Duke's personal files.
Antioxidant (LDL)	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiozenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antipancreatitic	1	Joseph, J., Nadeau, D. and Underwood, A. 2001. The Color Code. Hyperion, NY.
Antipapillomic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiparkinsonian	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antiparotitic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antipellagric	2	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiperiodontal	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Antiperiodontic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiperiodontitic	4	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiperistaltic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antipermeability	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antiperoxidant	4	Planta Medica, 57: A54, 1991.
Antipharyngitic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Antiphotophobic	2	Martindale's 29th
Antipityriasic	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).