An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Monarda fistulosa

Monarda fistulosa (Lamiaceae)

Common Names
Wild Bergamot
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
1,8-CINEOLE 67 Plant 3.0 5006.0 0.84 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
1-OCTEN-3-OL 0 Plant 1.0 2294.0 4.47 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
3,4-EPOXY-GAMMA-TERPINENE 0 Plant 3.0 186.0 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
3-OCTANOL 2 Plant 46.0 1655.0 2.78 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
3-OCTANONE 0 Plant 1.0 93.0 0.64 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
3-OCTYL-ACETATE 0 Plant 21.0 211.0 -0.07 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ACETIC-ACID 16 Essential Oil Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
ALPHA-PINENE 28 Plant 3.0 1823.0 0.81 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-TERPINENE 13 Plant 3.0 3193.0 4.31 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 23 Plant 9.0 3314.0 2.08 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-THUJENE 0 Plant 3.0 2480.0 0.95 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-BOURBONENE 0 Plant 1.0 62.0 -0.06 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-PINENE 13 Plant 3.0 93.0 -0.34 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BORNYL-ACETATE 12 Plant 1.0 1085.0 0.22 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BUTYRIC-ACID 6 Essential Oil Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
CAMPHENE 9 Plant 1.0 856.0 0.86 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CAPROIC-ACID 1 Essential Oil Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
CARVACROL 37 Plant 93.0 19902.0 1.89 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CARVACRYL-METHYL-ETHER 0 Plant 6.0 6076.0 1.00 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CIS-3-HEXENOL 1 Plant 1.0 31.0 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Antiotitic 1 Martindale's 28th
Antioxidant 8 Jim Duke's personal files.
Antioxidant (LDL) 3 *
Antiperiodontic 2 *
Antipharyngitic 1 *
Antiplantar 1 Martindale's 29th
Antiplaque 4 Osawa, K., Matsumoto, T., Maruyama, T., Takiguchi, T., Okuda, K., and Takazoe, I., Studies of the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and their constituents against periodontopathic bacteria, Bull Tokyo Dent. Coll., 31 (1), 1990, 17-21
Antipneumonic 1 *
Antiproliferant 3 *
Antiprostaglandin 2 *
Antiproteolytic 1 Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Antipulmonotic 1 Tyler, V.E.. 1994.
Antipyretic 1 *
Antiradicular 4 Jimenez, J., Navarro, M.C., Montilla, M.P., Martin, A. and Martinez, A. 1993. Thymus zygis Oil: Its Effects on CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Free Radical Scavenger Activity. JEO5: 153-8.
Antirheumatalgic 1 Martindale's 28th
Antirheumatic 3 Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
Antirhinitic 1 *
Antisalmonella 3 *
Antiseptic 12 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Antishock 1 Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 735, 1988.