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Common Names
American Pennyroyal
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CARVONE | 19 | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARVONE | 19 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| CARYOPHYLLENE | 31 | Plant | 30.0 | 150.0 | -0.38 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| CINEOL | 0 | Pollen Or Spore | not available | 1000.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| DECYLIC-ACID | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| DIOSMIN | 34 | Plant | not available | 10000.0 | -1.30 | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| DIPENTENE | 7 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| EO | 0 | Plant | 6000.0 | 30000.0 | 1.54 | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| EO | 0 | Shoot | 6000.0 | 10000.0 | -0.03 | Duke, 1992 * |
| FORMIC-ACID | 13 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| GERANIOL | 35 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| GERMACRENE-D | 2 | Plant | 36.0 | 180.0 | -0.27 | Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980. |
| ISOHEPTYLIC-ACID | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979. |
| ISOMENTHONE | 3 | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ISOMENTHONE | 3 | Plant | 48.0 | 9300.0 | 2.14 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ISOMENTHONE | 3 | Pollen Or Spore | not available | 8000.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ISONEOMENTHOL | 0 | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| JASMONE | 8 | Essential Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| JASMONE | 8 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| LIMONENE | 60 | Plant | 36.0 | 570.0 | -0.14 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Insectiphile | 4 | J. Stored. Prod. Res., 22:141, 1986. |
| Interleukin-6-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Irritant | 10 | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |
| Keratitigenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Keratolytic | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Larvicide | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Lipolytic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MAO-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| MDR-Inhibitor | 1 | Critchfield, J. W., Welsh, C. J., Phang, J. M., Yeh, G. C. 1994. Modulation of Adriamycin Accumulation and Efflux by Flavonoids in HCT-15 Colon Cells. Activation of P-Glycoprotein as a Putative Mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol, 48(7): 1437-1445. |
| Mosquitocide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Motor-Depressant | 2 | Buchbauer et al, e.g.Buchbauer et al,1993.Therapeutic properties of essential oils and fragrances. Chap.12 in Teranishi,R, Buttery,R.G and Sugisawa,H. Eds. Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. ACS Symposium Series 525. Amer. Chem. Soc., Washington DC |
| Mucolytic | 1 | Martindale's 29th |
| Mutagenic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Mycobactericide | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Myorelaxant | 4 | Martindale's 29th |
| Nematicide | 8 | Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 44: 183. |
| Nematistat | 1 | Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp. |
| Nephrotoxic | 1 | R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R. |
| Neurodepressant | 1 | Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994. |