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Plant Citrus limon (Rutaceae)

Common Names
Lemon
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
BETA-BERGAMOTENE 0 Leaf Essent. Oil not available 8000.0 not available Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-BISABOLENE 6 Essential Oil 23.0 400.0 -1.00 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-BISABOLENE 6 Leaf Essent. Oil not available 8000.0 -0.45 Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-BISABOLENE 6 Petiole not available 25.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Fruit 0.0 2.0 -0.15 Duke, 1992 *
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE 0 Leaf Essent. Oil 100.0 3500.0 -0.39 Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE 0 Petiole not available 13.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
BETA-ELEMENE 5 Essential Oil not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-HUMULENE 0 Essential Oil not available 10.0 not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-PHELLANDRENE 3 Essential Oil not available 80.0 -1.25 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
BETA-PHELLANDRENE 3 Leaf Essent. Oil not available 3300.0 -0.64 Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-PHELLANDRENE 3 Pericarp Essent. Oil not available 65900.0 not available Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-PHELLANDRENE 3 Petiole not available 8.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
BETA-PINENE 13 Essential Oil 40.0 1270.0 -0.70 Duke, 1992 *
BETA-PINENE 13 Fruit Essent. Oil not available 7000.0 -0.70 Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-PINENE 13 Leaf Essent. Oil not available 7000.0 -0.69 Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-PINENE 13 Pericarp not available not available not available Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-PINENE 13 Pericarp Essent. Oil not available not available not available Jim Duke's personal files.
BETA-PINENE 13 Petiole not available 595.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
BETA-SINENSAL 0 Petiole not available 1.5 not available Duke, 1992 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Preservative 1 Merck 11th Edition
ProHLDL 1 Duke, 1992 *
Proliferant 2 Duke, 1992 *
Prooxidant 5 Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandigenic 3 Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor 3 Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Synthetase-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *
Prostatitigenic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor 2 Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14.
Protisticide 2 Martindale's 29th
PTK-Inhibitor 2 Duke, 1992 *
Pyrogenic 2 Conradson, T. B. G., Dixon, C. M. S., Clarke, B., Barnes, P. J. 1987. Cardiovascular Effects of Infused Adenosine in Man: Potentiation by Dipyridamole. Acta Physiol Scand, 129(3): 387-391.
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 4 Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
Radioprotective 3 Duke, 1992 *
Refrigerant 1 Martindale's 28th
Renoirritant 1 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Respirastimulant 2 Martindale's 29th
Retinoprotectant Optometry 1 Duke, 1992 *
Rubefacient 1 Martindale's 29th
Secretogogue 1 Duke, 1992 *