An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Citrus aurantium

Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae)

Common Names
Petitgrain; Bitter Orange
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
ANTHRANILIC-ACID-METHYL-ETHER 0 Leaf List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Fruit 420.0 3947.0 -0.04 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Leaf 3000.0 -0.17 Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
ASH 0 Fruit 5000.0 64000.0 0.19 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
AURANETIN 0 Fruit *
AURANTIAMARIN 0 Fruit Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
AURANTIAMENE 0 Plant *
AURAPTEN 2 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
AUROPTENOL 0 Essential Oil Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
BENZOIC-ACID 20 Plant *
BERGAPTEN 26 Fruit Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Fruit 1.0 27.0 -0.10 CRC Handbook of Medicinal Herbs and/or CRC Handbook of Proximate Analyses
BETA-COPAENE 0 Plant *
BETA-ELEMENE 5 Plant *
BETA-OCIMENE 0 Flower *
BETA-OCIMENE 0 Leaf List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
BETA-OCIMENE 0 Plant *
BETA-PINENE 13 Leaf 70.0 170.0 -0.18 *
BETA-PINENE 13 Plant *
BUTANOL 0 Plant *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
NF-kB-Inhibitor 2 *
NO-Genic 1 *
NO-Inhibitor 1 *
Odontolytic 1 Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor 2 *
Osteogenic 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Osteolytic 1 *
Ovicide 1 *
Oviposition-Stimulant 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Oxytocic? 1 *
Ozone-Scavenger 1 *
P450-1A-Inducer 1 *
P450-2B-Inducer 1 *
P450-2B1-Inhibitor 6 *
P450-Inducer 2 *
P450-Inhibitor 1 *
Perfume 1 Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Perfumery 35 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Peristaltic 2 *
Pesticide 62 *