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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
(+)-CATECHIN Mills, Simon and Bone, Kerry. 2000. Phytotherapy. Churchill
Livinston, Edinburgh.
(-)-EPICATECHIN IC50=>40 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
(-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN IC50=>40 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
(-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN-GALLATE IC50=>40 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
(1'S)-1'-ACETOXYCHAVICOL-ACETATE *
(Z,E)-2-(3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-ETHENYL-ESTER IC50=0.021 ug/ml Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 1772.
(Z,E)-2-(3,5-DIHYDROXYPHENYL)-ETHENYL-ESTER IC50=0.124 ug/ml Chem. & Pharm. Bull. 38: 1772.
1,2,3,6-TETRA-O-GALLYOL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE IC50=12 uM Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
1,2,6-TRI-O-GALLOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE IC50=39 uM Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
1,3,4,6-TETRA-O-GALLOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE IC50=8 uM Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
3,5-DI-O-CAFFEOYLQUINIC-ACID IC50=34 uM Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
3-O-GALLOYLEPICATECHINS IC50=4-7 Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
AESCULETIN IC52=10 uM *
ALLICIN 500 uM LAWSON in Koch, H. P. and Lawson, L. D., eds. 1996. Garlic- The
Science and therapeutic application of Allium sativum L. and related species. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore. 329 pp.
ALLOPURINOL 0.021 ug/ml *
ALLOPURINOL IC50=0.17 uM Hatano, T., Yasuhara, T., Yoshihara, R., Agata, I., Noro, T., and Okuda, T. 1989. Effects of Interaction of Tannins with Co-existing Substances.VII. Inhibitory Effects of Tannins Related Polyphenols on Xanthine Oxidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(5): 1224-1229
APIGENIN 0.36 uM *
ASTRAGALIN-2''-GALLATE 50 uM *
ASTRAGALIN-6''-GALLATE 50 uM *
ATHYRIOL Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
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List of Activity Plants.
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Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Pyrus communis Pear 5 19, 784.5
Quassia amara Bitterwood; Quassia 1 0
Quercus alba White Oak 4 200, 000
Quercus infectoria Aleppo Oak; Dyer's Oak; Gall Oak 4 120, 000
Quercus robur English Oak 4 200, 000
Quercus rubra Northern Red Oak 4 160, 000
Quercus suber Cork Oak 1 65, 000
Quercus velutina Black Oak 1 0
Quillaja saponaria Soapbark 1 150, 000
Raphanus sativus Radish 2 96.80000019073486
Rheum officinale Chinese Rhubarb 4 7, 091.800098419189
Rheum palmatum Chinese Rhubarb 3 14, 828.099975585938
Rheum rhabarbarum Rhubarb 6 61.100000001490116
Rhizophora mangle Red Mangrove 2 520, 006.80000019073
Rhododendron dauricum Chinese Alpenrose 3 0
Rhododendron ferrugineum Rusty-Leaved Alpenrose 1 0
Rhododendron ponticum Pontic Alpenrose 5 120, 000
Rhus coriaria Sicilian Sumac; Sumac; Tanner's Sumac 4 840, 000
Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac 1 270, 000
Rhus toxicodendron Poison Ivy 1 0