An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Biological Activity Nephrotoxic

List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
2-NAPTHOL not available Merck 11th Edition
ACRONYCINE 2 mg/kg Collins, D.J., Culvenor, C.C.J., Lamberton, J.A., Loder, J.W. and Price, J.R., Plants for Medicines, CSIRO, East Melbourne, Australia, 1990, 303 pp.
AESCIN >20 mg/man/day Duke, 1992 *
ARISTOLOCHIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
ATRACTYLOSIDE IC50=50 mg/kg scu Duke, 1992 *
CADMIUM not available Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
CINERINS not available Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
D-LIMONENE not available Duke, 1992 *
DIPHENYLAMINE 35 mg/day (=100 g onion) Duke, 1992 *
ESCIN >20 mg/man/day Duke, 1992 *
GALLIC-ACID not available Martindale's 29th
GOLD not available Duke, 1992 *
LITHIUM not available Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
MANNITOL not available Martindale's 29th
MERCURY not available Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
N-AMYL-ALCOHOL not available Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
PULEGONE not available R.J. Hixtable (Huxtable, R.J. (as T. Max). 1992. This and That:The Essential Pharmacology of Herbs and Spices. Tips 13:15-20 Huxtable, R.J. 1992b. The Myth of Benficent Nature. The Risk of Herbal Preparations. Anns. Intern. Med. 117(2):165-6; Huxtable, R.
PYROGALLOL not available Martindale's 29th
URANIUM not available Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Terminalia chebula Ink Nut; Myrobalan; Black Myrobalan; Chebulic Myrobalan 1 17, 453.199996948242
Terminalia pallida not available 1 0
Tetraclinis articulata Arar Tree; Sandarac 1 0
Tetrapanax papyrifera Rice Paper Tree; Tong-Cao; Tung-Tsao 1 0.15000000223517418
Teucrium polium Golden Germander 1 0
Theobroma cacao Cacao 1 0
Thymus vulgaris Common Thyme; Garden Thyme; Thyme 2 12
Triticum aestivum Wheat 3 6.331000007688999
Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot 1 0
Uncaria catechu Gambir; Pale Catechu 1 0
Urginea maritima European Squill 1 0
Urtica dioica European Nettle; Stinging Nettle 3 0.15600000321865082
Vaccinium corymbosum Blueberry 2 0
Vaccinium macrocarpon Cranberry; Large Cranberry; American Cranberry 2 0.7110000131651759
Vaccinium myrtillus Bilberry; Whortleberry; Dwarf Bilberry 4 0.06299999880138785
Vaccinium vitis-idaea Cowberry; Lingen; Lingonberry 3 0.42000000178813934
Valeriana officinalis Valerian; Common Valerian; Garden-Heliotrope 1 169, 200
Vanilla planifolia Vanilla; Bourbon Vanilla 1 0
Veronica officinalis Common Speedwell; Gypsyweed 1 0
Vigna mungo Black Gram 2 0.2199999988079071