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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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MDR-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
DIOSMIN 100 uM Critchfield, J. W., Welsh, C. J., Phang, J. M., Yeh, G. C. 1994. Modulation of Adriamycin Accumulation and Efflux by Flavonoids in HCT-15 Colon Cells. Activation of P-Glycoprotein as a Putative Mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol, 48(7): 1437-1445.
GENISTEIN 200 uM Castro, A. F., Altenberg, G. A. 1997. Inhibition of Drug Transport by Genistein in Multidrug-Resistant Cell Expressing P-Glycoprotein. Biochem Pharmacol, 53(1): 89-93.
GINSENOSIDE-RB-1 100 uM cat Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RB-2 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RC 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RD 50 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RE 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RF 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RF-1 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RF-2 25 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RG-1 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
GINSENOSIDE-RG-2 100 uM Hasegawa,H.,Sung,J.H.,Matsumiya,S.,Uchiyama,M.,Inouye,Y.,Kasai,R.,Yamasaki,K. 1995. Reversal of Daunomycin and Vinblastine Resistance in Multidrug-Resistance P388 Leukemia in vitro through Enhanced Cytotoxicity by Triterpenoids. Planta Med, 61(5):409-413.
HAPALOSIN 20 uM Stratmann, K., Burgoyne, D. L., Moore, R. E., Patterson, G. M. L., Smith, C. D. 1994. Hapalosin, a Cyanobacterial Cyclic Depsipeptide With Multidrug-Resistance Reversing Activity. J Org Chem, 59(24): 7219-7226.
HOMOHARRINGTONINE Qian, Q. J., Han, J. L., Yan, W. W., Yang, C. Z., Han, D. S., Shi, H., Hao, Y. 1996. A Comparative Study on the Mechanism of Homoharringtonine (HHI) and Melphalan (MEL) Resistance in K562/H20 and K562/MEL Cell Lines. Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi,17(7):354-356.
INOSTAMYCIN 10 uM *
ISORESERPINE 1.6 uM Hall, A. M., Croy, V., Chan, T., Ruff, D., Kuczek, T., Chang, C. J. 1996. Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay in the Determination of Adriamycin Cytotoxicity Modulated by the MDR Glycoprotein. J Nat Prod, 59(1): 35-40.
KOPSAMINE IC50=5.6 ug/ml Kam, T. S., Subramaniam, G., Sim, K. M., Yoganathan, K., Koyano, T., Toyoshima, M., Rho, M. C., Hayashi, M., Komiyama, K. 1998. Reversal of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) by Aspidofractinine-Type Indole Alkaloids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8: 2769-2772.
KOPSIFLORINE IC50=5.6 ug/ml Kam, T. S., Subramaniam, G., Sim, K. M., Yoganathan, K., Koyano, T., Toyoshima, M., Rho, M. C., Hayashi, M., Komiyama, K. 1998. Reversal of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) by Aspidofractinine-Type Indole Alkaloids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8: 2769-2772.
KOPSILONGINE IC50=15.4 ug/ml Kam, T. S., Subramaniam, G., Sim, K. M., Yoganathan, K., Koyano, T., Toyoshima, M., Rho, M. C., Hayashi, M., Komiyama, K. 1998. Reversal of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) by Aspidofractinine-Type Indole Alkaloids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8: 2769-2772.
KOPSININE IC50=25 ug/ml Kam, T. S., Subramaniam, G., Sim, K. M., Yoganathan, K., Koyano, T., Toyoshima, M., Rho, M. C., Hayashi, M., Komiyama, K. 1998. Reversal of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) by Aspidofractinine-Type Indole Alkaloids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8: 2769-2772.
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Stauracanthus genistoides 1 0
Stellaria media Chickweed; Common Chickweed 1 0
Stizolobium deeringianum 1 0
Strongylodon macrobotrys 1 8
Taxus baccata Common Yew 2 0
Taxus cuspidata Yew 3 0
Taxus yunnanensis Yunnan Yew 1 241
Teline sp 1 0
Teucrium botrys Field Germander 1 0
Teucrium chamaedrys Wall Germander 1 0
Teucrium montanum Mountain Germander 1 0
Teyleria koordersii 1 10
Thermopsis fabacea 1 0
Thermopsis sp 1 0
Trifolium alexandrinum 1 0
Trifolium brachycalycinum 1 12, 900
Trifolium hybridum 1 0
Trifolium pratense Red Clover; Purple Clover; Peavine Clover; Cowgrass 1 456
Trifolium repens 1 0
Trifolium sp 1 0