An official website of the United States government.
Common Names
Red Clover; Purple Clover; Peavine Clover; Cowgrass
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (-)-MAACKIAIN-3-O-GLUCOSIDE | 1 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| (E)-2-HEXENAL | 2 | Flower | not available | 20.0 | 1.00 | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (E)-2-HEXENOL | 0 | Flower | not available | 7.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (E)-LINALOL-OXIDE | 0 | Flower | not available | 19.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (E)-LINALOOL-OXIDE | 0 | Flower | not available | 19.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (Z)-1-HEXEN-3-OL | 0 | Flower | not available | 22.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (Z)-3-HEXENOL | 0 | Flower | not available | 14.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (Z)-3-HEXENYL-ACETATE | 0 | Flower | not available | 37.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (Z)-LINALOL-OXIDE | 0 | Flower | not available | 15.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| (Z)-LINALOOL-OXIDE | 0 | Flower | not available | 15.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| 1-OCTEN-3-OL | 0 | Flower | not available | 29.0 | 0.29 | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| 1-PHENYLETHANOL | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 1-PHENYLETHYL-ALCOHOL | 0 | Flower | not available | 55.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| 2,4-METHYLENE-CHOLESTEROL | 0 | Pollen Or Spore | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 2-ETHYLHEXANAL | 0 | Flower | not available | 3.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| 2-METHYL-BUTAN-1-OL | 0 | Fruit | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 2-METHYL-BUTAN-1-OL | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 2-PHENYLETHAN-1-OL | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 2-PHENYLETHANOL | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| 2-PHENYLETHYL-ALCOHOL | 0 | Flower | not available | 32.0 | not available | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| 11B-HSD-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| 5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | 6 | Duke, 1992 * |
| 5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Abortifacient | 2 | Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp. |
| Acaricide | 5 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ACE-Inhibitor | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Acetylcholinergic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| AChE-Inhibitor | 1 | Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8. |
| Acidulant | 2 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor | 16 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Allelochemic | 9 | Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp. |
| Allelopathic | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Allergenic | 16 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Amphiglycemic? | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Analgesic | 17 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Anaphrodisiac | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Androgenic | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |