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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
5,7-DIMETHOXYCOUMARIN 10 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
5-(PENTADEC-CIS-8-ENYL)-RESORCINOL IC50=28.2 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
5-(PENTADECA-CIS-8-CIS-11,14-TRIENYL)-RESORCINOL IC50=57.2 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
5-(PENTADECA-CIS-8-CIS-11-DIENYL)-RESORCINOL IC50=28.4 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
5-PENTADECYL-RESORCINOL IC50=312 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
6,3'4'-TRIHYDROXY-5,7,8-TRIMETHOXYFLAVONE IC73=0.1uM Aida, K., Tawata, M., Shindo, H., Onaya, T., Sasaki, H., Yamaguchi, T., Chin, M.(Chen, Z.), and Mitsuhashi, H. 1989. Isoliquiritigenin: A New Aldose Reductase Inhibitor from Glycyrrhizae Radix. Planta Medica 56(3): 254-258.
6,7-DIACETOXYCOUMARIN 10 ug/ml cow, 14% inhibition Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
6,8-DI-(GAMMA-GAMMA-DIMETHYL-ALLYL)-GENISTEIN 10 uM Iinuma, M., Tanaka, T., Mizuno, M., Katsuzaki, T., Ogawa, H. 1989. Structure-Activity Correlation of Flavonoids for Inhibition of Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase. Chem Pharm Bull, 37(7): 1813-1815.
6-(PENTADEC-CIS-8-ENYL)-SALICYLIC-ACID IC50=40.4 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
6-(PENTADECA-CIS-8-CIS-11,14-TRIENYL)-SALICYLIC-ACID IC50=20.4 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
6-(PENTADECYL)-SALICYLIC-ACID IC50=100.4 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
6-(PENTADECYL-CIS-8-CIS-11-DIENYL)-SALICYLIC-ACID IC50=49.3 uM Toyomizu, M., Sugiyama, S., Jin, R. L., Nakatsu, T. 1993. Alpha-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Constituents of Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, Nut Shell Liquids. Phytotherapy Research, 7(3): 252-254.
6-HYDROXY-5,7,8-TRIMETHOXY-FLAVONE 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
6-HYDROXY-LUTEOLIN IC53=1 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
6-HYDROXY-LUTEOLIN IC87=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
6-HYDROXYKAEMPFEROL-3,6-DIMETHYL-ETHER Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
6-O-TRANS-FERULOYL-AJUGOL 10 uM, 59% inhibition Nishimura, H., Morota, T., Yamaguchi, T., Chin, M. 1990. Isolation of Iridoids as Aldose Reductase Inhibitors from Rehmannia glutinosa. Patent, Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-02 96,587. 9pp.
7-ACETOXY-6-METHOXYCOUMARIN 10 ug/ml cow (weak activity, 11% inhibition) Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
7-METHYL-AXILLARIN 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
7-METHYLCAPILLARISIN 10 uM rat Yamaguchi, T., Ueda, T., Sata, S., Mihashi, H. 1989. Aldose Reductase Inhibitors for Treatment of Diabetic Diseases. Patent, Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-01 228,914. 5pp.
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Albizia procera 1 0
Aleurites fordii Tungoil Tree 2 0
Aleurites moluccana Candlenut; Candleberry; Candlenut Tree; Indian Walnut; Lumbangtree; Varnishtree 1 0
Alisma plantago-aquatica Mud Plantain; Tse-Hsieh; Water Plantain; Ze-Xie 3 0
Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard 1 0
Allium ampeloprasum Elephant Garlic; Kurrat 6 13, 254
Allium cepa Onion; Shallot 9 496, 520
Allium sativum var. sativum Garlic 9 10, 217
Allium schoenoprasum Chives 5 9, 987.5
Alnus glutinosa Black Alder 2 0
Alocasia macrorrhiza Giant Taro 1 622
Aloe spp. Aloe 1 6, 260
Aloe vera Bitter Aloes; Aloe 5 12, 520
Aloysia citrodora Lemon Verbena 10 448
Alpinia galanga Greater Galangal; Siamese Ginger; Languas 4 5, 827, 932
Alpinia officinarum Lesser Galangal; Chinese Ginger 4 0
Althaea officinalis Marshmallow; White Mallow 18 6, 560
Amaranthus sp. Pigweed 2 6, 263
Amaranthus spinosus Spiny pigweed 2 5, 030
Ammi majus Bishop's Weed 4 0