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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor

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List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
TRIFOLIN IC19=1 uM *
TRIFOLIN IC62=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
UMBELLIFERONE IC50=4.8 ug/ml cow Okada,Y,et al.1995.Search for Naturally Occurring Substances to Prevent the Complications of Diabetes.II.Inhibitory Effect of Coumarin and Flavonoid Derivatives on Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase and Rabbit Platelet Aggregation.Chem Pharm Bull43(8):1385-1387
VANILLIC-ACID 100 uM/l *
VERBASCOSIDE IC50=0.39-15.1 uM *
VITEXICARPIN 100 uM/l *
VITEXIN IC15=10 uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
VITEXIN 5 ug/ml Okamot, Y., Yoshizawa, T. 1994. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Containing Passiflora quadraqularis Extracts or Vitexin. Patent, Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-06,293,657. 4pp.
WARANGALONE 10 uM Iinuma, M., Tanaka, T., Mizuno, M., Katsuzaki, T., Ogawa, H. 1989. Structure-Activity Correlation of Flavonoids for Inhibition of Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase. Chem Pharm Bull, 37(7): 1813-1815.
WOGONIN IC13=10uM Shimizu, M., Ito, T., Terashima, S., Hayashi, T., Arisawa, M., Morita, N., Kurokawa, S., Ito, K., and Hashimoto, Y. 1984. Inhibition of Lens Aldose Reductase by Flavonoids. Phytochemistry, 23: 1885-1888.
WOGONIN IC50=48 uM rat Shin, K. H., Chae, Y. J., Chung, M. S., Lee, H. J. 1994. Effect of Flavonoids from Scutellariae radix on Cataract Formation and Polyol Accumulation in Rat Lens. Korean J Pharmacog, 25(1): 41-46.
WOGONIN-7-O-GLUCURONIDE IC50=40 uM rat Shin, K. H., Chae, Y. J., Chung, M. S., Lee, H. J. 1994. Effect of Flavonoids from Scutellariae radix on Cataract Formation and Polyol Accumulation in Rat Lens. Korean J Pharmacog, 25(1): 41-46.
WOGONIN-7-O-GLUCURONIDE-METHYL-ESTER IC50=39 uM rat Shin, K. H., Chae, Y. J., Chung, M. S., Lee, H. J. 1994. Effect of Flavonoids from Scutellariae radix on Cataract Formation and Polyol Accumulation in Rat Lens. Korean J Pharmacog, 25(1): 41-46.
XANTHOMICROL 10 uM Okuda, I., Muwa, B., Inagakat, K., Horie, T., Nakayama, M. 1982. Inhibition of Aldose Reductases from Rat and Bovine Lenses by Flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol, 31(23): 3807-3822.
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List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Dioscorea sp. Wild Yam 1 194
Dioscorea villosa Wild Yam 1 609
Diospyros digyna Black Sapote; Sapote Negro 1 18, 660
Diospyros virginiana American Persimmon 3 1, 855
Dipogon lignosus 1 0
Dipsacus fullonum 2 0
Dipteryx odorata Tonka Bean; Dutch Tonka Bean 3 70, 200
Dodonaea viscosa Hopwood 5 0
Dolichos biflorus 1 0
Dracocephalum parviflora Small-Flowered Moldavica 2 210
Dracocephalum thymiflora Thyme-Flowered Moldavica 3 318
Drimys winteri Winter's Bark 4 0
Drynaria fortunei Fortune's Fern 1 0
Duboisia myoporoides Corkwood Tree; Pituri 1 0
Duchesnea indica False Strawberry; Indian Strawberry; Mock Strawberry 3 1, 878
Dunbaria villosa 1 13
Durio zibethinus Durian 1 1, 270
Echinacea angustifolia Echinacea; Narrow Leaf Echinacea; Narrow Leaf Purple-Coneflower 6 0
Echinacea pallida Echinacea; Pale-Flower Echinacea; Pale Purple-Coneflower 3 0
Echinacea purpurea Echinacea; Eastern Purple-Coneflower; Purple-Coneflower 5 2, 529