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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Trifolium pratense

Trifolium pratense (Fabaceae)

Common Names
Red Clover; Purple Clover; Peavine Clover; Cowgrass
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
3-BUTYLPHTHALIDE 0 Flower 20.0 Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8
3-METHYLQUERCETIN 4 Flower *
3-METHYLQUERCETIN-7-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE-6''-O-MALONATE 0 Flower *
3-P-COUMAROYLQUININE 0 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
4',5-DIHYDROXY-6,7-METHYLENEDIOXY-ISOFLAVONE 0 Root *
4-METHOXYMEDICARPIN 2 Root *
6-ALPHA-7-DIHYDROXYMAACKIAIN 0 Leaf Diffusate 5.0 *
6-ALPHA-7-DIHYDROXYMEDICARPIN 0 Leaf Diffusate 7.0 *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMAACKIAIN 2 Leaf Diffusate 46.0 *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMAACKIAIN 2 Plant *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMEDICARPIN 6 Leaf *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMEDICARPIN 6 Leaf Diffusate 75.0 *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMEDICARPIN 6 Plant *
6-ALPHA-METHOXY-MAACKIAIN 0 Leaf *
7-BETA-D-GLUCOSYL-5-,7-DIHYDROXY-4'-METHOXYISOFLAVONE 0 Plant *
7-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE-3-METHOXY-QUERCETIN 0 Plant *
9-O-METHYLCOUMESTROL 0 Sprout Seedling *
ACETIC-ACID 16 Fruit *
ACETIC-ACID 16 Root *
ACETOIN 0 Flower *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Depressant 1 Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
Dermatitigenic 3 *
Detoxicant 4 *
Detoxicant (Alcohol) 1 *
Diagnostic 1 Martindale's 28th
Diaphoretic 1 *
Diaphoretic? 3 Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.
Differentiator 1 *
Diuretic 14 *
DME-Inhibitor 1 Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 134.
DNA-Active 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
DNA-Binder 2 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
DNA-Protective 1 *
DOPA-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor 1 *
Dye 2 Merck 11th Edition
Embryotoxic 1 *
Emetic 5 Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Encephalopathic 1 Martindale's 29th
Energizer 1 *
Enterocontractant 1 J. Aromatherapy 4: 22.