An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Trifolium pratense

Trifolium pratense (Fabaceae)

Common Names
Red Clover; Purple Clover; Peavine Clover; Cowgrass
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
3-BUTYLPHTHALIDE 0 Flower 20.0 Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8
3-METHYLQUERCETIN 4 Flower *
3-METHYLQUERCETIN-7-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE-6''-O-MALONATE 0 Flower *
3-P-COUMAROYLQUININE 0 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
4',5-DIHYDROXY-6,7-METHYLENEDIOXY-ISOFLAVONE 0 Root *
4-METHOXYMEDICARPIN 2 Root *
6-ALPHA-7-DIHYDROXYMAACKIAIN 0 Leaf Diffusate 5.0 *
6-ALPHA-7-DIHYDROXYMEDICARPIN 0 Leaf Diffusate 7.0 *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMAACKIAIN 2 Leaf Diffusate 46.0 *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMAACKIAIN 2 Plant *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMEDICARPIN 6 Leaf *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMEDICARPIN 6 Leaf Diffusate 75.0 *
6-ALPHA-HYDROXYMEDICARPIN 6 Plant *
6-ALPHA-METHOXY-MAACKIAIN 0 Leaf *
7-BETA-D-GLUCOSYL-5-,7-DIHYDROXY-4'-METHOXYISOFLAVONE 0 Plant *
7-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE-3-METHOXY-QUERCETIN 0 Plant *
9-O-METHYLCOUMESTROL 0 Sprout Seedling *
ACETIC-ACID 16 Fruit *
ACETIC-ACID 16 Root *
ACETOIN 0 Flower *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
COMT-Inhibitor 1 *
Contraceptive 1 Martindale's 28th
Copper-Antagonist 1 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Copper-Chelator 2 *
Coronary-Dilator 1 *
Cosmetic 3 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Counterirritant 1 Merck 11th Edition
COX-1-Inhibitor 3 *
COX-2-Inhibitor 7 Newmark, T. M. and Schulick, P. 2000. Herbal Cox-2 Inhibition - Nature's Challenge to Arthritis, Cancer & Alzheimer's Disease. Hohm Press, Prescott AZ.
Culicide 1 *
Cyclooxygenase-Activator 2 Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor 3 *
Cytochrome-P450-1A-Inhibitor 1 *
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor 1 *
Cytochrome-P450-Inhibitor 1 Pizzorno, J. 1998. Total Wellness. Prima Health, a division of Prima.
Cytoprotective 1 Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
Cytotoxic 9 *
Deiodinase-Inhibitor 1 Jim Duke's personal files.
Dentifrice 1 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Deodorant 1 Martindale's 29th