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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Silybum marianum

Silybum marianum (Asteraceae)

Common Names
Milk Thistle; Lady's Thistle
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
PALMITIC-ACID 13 Seed *
PALMITIC-ACID 13 Seed Oil *
PEROXIDASE-ISOENZYMES 0 Fruit *
PEROXIDASE-ISOENZYMES 0 Leaf *
PEROXIDASE-ISOENZYMES 0 Root *
PEROXIDASE-ISOENZYMES 0 Stem *
PHOSPHORUS 4 Leaf 1553.0 7060.0 0.38 *
PHOSPHORUS 4 Plant 7060.0 1.67 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
POTASSIUM 14 Leaf 1833.0 8330.0 -0.97 *
POTASSIUM 14 Plant 8330.0 -0.94 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
PROLINE 0 Tissue Culture *
PROTEIN 0 Leaf 31460.0 143000.0 -0.69 *
PROTEIN 0 Plant 143000.0 -0.25 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
PROTEIN 0 Seed 186000.0 280000.0 0.41 *
QUERCETIN 176 Fruit *
QUERCETIN 176 Seed List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
RIBOFLAVIN 15 Leaf 0.4 2.0 -0.17 *
SELENIUM 60 Leaf 2.0 7.1 0.16 *
SELENIUM 60 Plant 7.1 -0.11 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
SILANDRIN 1 Fruit *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Gastroprotective 1 *
Gastrostimulant 1 Martindale's 28th
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor 1 *
Glutathionergic 1 *
Glutathionigenic 1 *
Gonadotrophic 1 Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Hemolytic 1 Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hemostat 1 Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Hepatomagenic 1 Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Hepatoprotective 13 *
Hepatotoxic 1 *
Herbicide 2 Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
HIF-1alpha-Inhibitor 1 *
Histaminic 1 Martindale's 29th
HIV-RT-Inhibitor 2 Garcia, J., Morin,* C., Nyasse, B., Sondengam, B-L., Tchouankeu, J-C., and Tsamo, E. Complete Structural Assignments Of An Ergosterol Derivative From Entandrophragma utile. Journal of Natural Products, 54(1): 136-142, 1991.
Hyaluronidase-Inhibitor 2 *
Hypercholesterolemic 2 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Hyperglycemic 1 Merck 11th Edition
Hypertensive 2 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypocholesterolemic 11 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.