Plant Silybum marianum (Asteraceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Milk Thistle; Lady's Thistle

How this plant is used

Generally Recognized as Safe

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CHRYSOERIOL	7	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CNICIN	10	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
COBALT	2	Leaf	1.0	4.1	-0.27	Duke, 1992 *
COBALT	2	Plant	not available	4.1	-0.34	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
COSMOSIIN	4	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYSTEINE	13	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DEHYDROCONIFERYL-ALCOHOL	0	Seed	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
DEHYDRODICONIFERYL-ALCOHOL	0	Seed	not available	800.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DEHYDROSILYBIN	0	Fruit	not available	100.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DEHYDROSILYBIN	0	Seed	not available	0.6	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DIHYDROSILYBIN	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DIHYDROSILYBIN	0	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DODECA-1-11-DIENE-3-5-7-9-TETRAYNE	0	Essential Oil	not available	10000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
EO	0	Seed	not available	1000.0	-0.54	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ERIODICTYOL	10	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ERIODICTYOL	10	Seed	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ETHYLENE	1	Leaf	not available	800.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Leaf	12760.0	58000.0	0.03	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Plant	not available	58000.0	0.09	Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
FAT	0	Seed	160000.0	450000.0	0.97	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Gastroprotective	1	Duke, 1992 *
Gastrostimulant	1	Martindale's 28th
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Glutathionergic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Glutathionigenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Gonadotrophic	1	Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Hemolytic	1	Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hemostat	1	Huang, K. C. 1993. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 388 pp.
Hepatomagenic	1	Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health. Antioxidants & Cancer Prevention. Huang, M.T., Ho, C.T. and Lee, C.Y. eds. 1992. ACS Symposium Series 507.ACS, Washington 402 pp.
Hepatoprotective	13	Duke, 1992 *
Hepatotoxic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Herbicide	2	Nigg, H.N. and Seigler, D.S., eds. 1992. Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York. 445 pp.
HIF-1alpha-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Histaminic	1	Martindale's 29th
HIV-RT-Inhibitor	2	Garcia, J., Morin,* C., Nyasse, B., Sondengam, B-L., Tchouankeu, J-C., and Tsamo, E. Complete Structural Assignments Of An Ergosterol Derivative From Entandrophragma utile. Journal of Natural Products, 54(1): 136-142, 1991.
Hyaluronidase-Inhibitor	2	Duke, 1992 *
Hypercholesterolemic	2	Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Hyperglycemic	1	Merck 11th Edition
Hypertensive	2	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Hypocholesterolemic	11	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.