Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CYANIDIN-3-SAMBUBIOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYANIDIN-3-SAMBUBIOSIDE-5-GLUCOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYANIN	5	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CYCLOARTENOL	7	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
DEXTROSE	1	Fruit	25000.0	30000.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
EMULSIN	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
EO	0	Flower	37.0	3200.0	-0.32	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
ETHYL-AMINE	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ETHYL-SALICYLATE	4	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Fruit	800.0	5045.0	-0.60	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Leaf	not available	48200.0	-0.16	Duke, 1992 *
FAT	0	Seed	not available	123000.0	-0.75	Duke, 1992 *
FATTY-ACIDS	0	Flower	not available	2000.0	not available	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
FERULIC-ACID	61	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
FIBER	15	Fruit	63000.0	392935.0	2.37	Duke, 1992 *
FLAVOXANTHIN	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
FRUCTOSE	8	Fruit	24100.0	154150.0	1.57	Duke, 1992 *
GLUCOSE	7	Fruit	31000.0	221410.0	1.45	Duke, 1992 *
GLUCOSIDES	0	Plant	not available	640.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
HENEICOSANE	0	Plant	not available	23000.0	1.41	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Peristaltic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Pesticide	37	Duke, 1992 *
PGE2-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Phagocytotic	3	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Phospholipase-A2-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Phospholipase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Photosensitizer	1	Rinzler, C. A. 1990. The Complete Book of Herbs, Spices and Condiments. Facts on File, New York. 199 pp.
Pigment	1	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Piscicide	2	Duke, 1992 *
Plasmodicide	1	Neuwinger, H. D. 1996. African Ethnobotany - Poisons and Drugs. Chapman & Hall, New York. 941 pp.
Potassium-Sparing	1	Iwu, M.M. 1993. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 435 pp.
Preservative	2	Merck 11th Edition
Proliferant	1	Duke, 1992 *
Prooxidant	4	Duke, 1992 *
Propecic	4	Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandigenic	3	Duke, 1992 *
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor	6	Duke, 1992 *
Protease-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor	1	Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14.
Protisticide	3	Chemical Express, 7: 285, 1992.