Plant Liquidambar styraciflua (Hamamelidaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

American Styrax; Sweetgum

How this plant is used

Medicinal

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
3-EPIOLEANOLIC-ACID	0	Resin, Exudate, Sap	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-SITOSTEROL	0	Resin, Exudate, Sap	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALUMINUM	5	Leaf	40.0	1230.0	0.54	Duke, 1992 *
ALUMINUM	5	Stem	10.0	1800.0	0.83	Duke, 1992 *
ASH	0	Leaf	40000.0	82000.0	-0.65	Duke, 1992 *
ASH	0	Seed	not available	52000.0	0.12	Duke, 1992 *
ASH	0	Stem	20000.0	120000.0	2.26	Duke, 1992 *
BARIUM	0	Leaf	12.0	574.0	0.51	Duke, 1992 *
BARIUM	0	Stem	10.0	1200.0	0.56	Duke, 1992 *
BENZYL-ALCOHOL	9	Resin, Exudate, Sap	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
BENZYL-CINNAMATE	4	Resin, Exudate, Sap	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
BETA-SITOSTEROL	47	Resin, Exudate, Sap	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
BORNEOL	35	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
BORNYL-ACETATE	12	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
BORON	4	Leaf	6.0	84.0	0.62	Duke, 1992 *
BORON	4	Stem	2.0	60.0	2.03	Duke, 1992 *
CALCIUM	28	Leaf	3720.0	18860.0	0.03	Duke, 1992 *
CALCIUM	28	Stem	2400.0	42000.0	2.52	Duke, 1992 *
CHROMIUM	24	Leaf	0.1	8.2	0.05	Duke, 1992 *
CHROMIUM	24	Stem	0.0	3.6	-0.27	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Candidicide	5	Martindale's 28th
Carcinogenic	2	Merck 11th Edition
Cardiomyopathogenic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cardioprotective	6	Duke, 1992 *
Cardioprotective?	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Cardiotonic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Cardiotoxic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Caspase-8-Inducer	1	Duke, 1992 *
Chelator	1	Duke, 1992 *
Choleretic	5	Duke, 1992 *
CNS-Depressant	3	Martindale's 28th
CNS-Stimulant	1	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
CNS-Toxic	1	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Collagenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Contraceptive	1	Martindale's 28th
Copper-Antagonist	1	Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
COX-2-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Cyclooxygenase-Activator	1	Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor	2	Duke, 1992 *
Cytotoxic	1	Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 359.