An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Plant Levisticum officinale (Apiaceae)

Common Names
Lovage
How this plant is used
Food
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
(+)-FALCARINDIOL 0 Root not available 600.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
1,8-CINEOLE 67 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
2-METHYL-BUTANAL 0 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
2-OCTANONE 0 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
3-BUTYL-4,5-DIHYDROPHTHALIDE 0 Root not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
3-BUTYLPHTHALIDE 0 Root 600.0 5440.0 not available Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
4-OCTANONE 0 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
5-METHOXY-PSORALEN 10 Fruit not available 6.0 -0.56 Abstract (See species file)
8-METHOXY-PSORALEN 21 Fruit 0.0 1.0 -0.71 Abstract (See species file)
ACETIC-ACID 16 Root not available not available not available Guenther, E., The Essential Oils, 6 volumes, D. van Nostrand, New York, 1948-1952.
ALKYL-PHTHALIDES 0 Root 1400.0 11900.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-FENCHYL-ALCOHOL 0 Root not available not available not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-P-DIMETHYL-STYRENE 0 Root 3.0 30.0 not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE 11 Root 1.0 10.0 not available Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-PINENE 28 Root 20.0 200.0 -0.69 Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-SELINENE 3 Root 10.0 100.0 not available Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-TERPINENE 13 Root 1.0 10.0 -0.62 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-TERPINEOL 23 Root 8.0 80.0 -0.49 Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
ALPHA-TERPINYL-ACETATE 0 Leaf not available not available not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
ANGELIC-ACID 1 Root not available not available not available List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Hallucinogenic 1 Cooper-Driver, G. A., Chemical substances in plants toxic to animals, pp. 213-47 in Rechcigl, M., Jr., ed. CRC Handbook of Naturally Occurring Food Toxicants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1983, 339 pp.
Hemolytic 1 Bisset, N.G., ed. 1994. Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 566 pp.
Hemorrhagic 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hepatocarcinogenic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Hepatoprotective 6 Duke, 1992 *
Hepatotonic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Hepatotoxic 4 Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
Hepatotropic 2 Duke, 1992 *
Herbicide 11 Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
Histamine-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *
Histaminic 1 Duke, 1992 *
HIV-RT-Inhibitor 1 Vlietinck, A.J. and Dommisse, R.A. eds. 1985. Advances in Medicinal Plant Research. Wiss. Verlag. Stuttgart.
Hydrocholerectic 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypercholesterolemic 2 Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
Hypnotic 3 Schultes, R.E. De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXVI. Justicia (Acanthaceae) as a Source of an Hallucinogenic Snuff. Economic Botany 44(1): 61-70, 1990.
Hypocholesterolemic 1 Martindale's 30th
Hypocholesterolemic? 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Hypoglycemic 3 Ivorra, M.D., Paya, M., and Villar, A. 1989. A Review of Natural Products and Plants as Potential Antidiabetic Drugs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 27: 243-275, 1989.
Hypolipidemic 2 Duke, 1992 *
Hypotensive 4 Duke, 1992 *