Plant Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Orange

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
CADMIUM	3	Fruit	0.0	0.1	-0.24	Duke, 1992 *
CAFFEIC-ACID	102	Fruit	2.0	50.0	-0.33	Duke, 1992 *
CAFFEIC-ACID	102	Fruit Juice	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CAFFEINE	62	Bud	not available	0.3	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CAFFEINE	62	Flower	not available	62.0	1.10	Jim Duke's personal files.
CAFFEINE	62	Leaf	not available	6.0	-0.94	Jim Duke's personal files.
CALCIUM	28	Fruit	210.0	5615.0	0.41	Duke, 1992 *
CAMPESTEROL	2	Fruit	not available	40.0	-0.32	Spiller, G. A. 1996 (Spiller, G. A. Ed. 1996. CRC Handbook of Lipids in Human Nutrition. CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 233 pp.)
CAMPHENE	9	Fruit	not available	0.1	-0.35	Duke, 1992 *
CAPRIC-ACID	3	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAPROIC-ACID	1	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CAPRYLIC-ACID	5	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARBOHYDRATES	0	Fruit	99000.0	887125.0	0.56	Duke, 1992 *
CAROTENOIDS	0	Fruit	12.0	35.0	-0.50	Duke, 1992 *
CAROTENOIDS	0	Pericarp	12.0	35.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARVONE	19	Fruit	2.0	10.0	-0.50	Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Pericarp	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
CARYOPHYLLENE	31	Pericarp Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CASTASTERONE	0	Pollen Or Spore	not available	not available	not available	Jim Duke's personal files.
CHLORINE	7	Fruit	12.0	32.0	-0.68	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Insulin-Sparing	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Insulinase-Inhibitor	1	Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 157.
Insulinogenic	4	Duke, 1992 *
Insulinotonic	1	J. Agri. & Food Chemistry, 36: 1079.
Interferon-Synergist	1	Duke, 1992 *
Interferonogenic	1	Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor	2	Duke, 1992 *
Irritant	24	Duke, 1992 *
Juvabional	5	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Keratitigenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Keratolytic	1	Martindale's 29th
Lactagogue	1	Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Mar-91.
Larvicide	3	Berenbaum, M. R., The natives knew, Chemtech, (May), 1990, 275-279.
Larvistat	3	Lydon, J. & Duke, S., The potential of pesticides from plants, pp. 1-41 in Craker, L. & Simon, J., eds, Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, & Pharmacology, v. 4, Oryx Press, Phoenix, 1989, 267pp.
Laxative	7	Duke, 1992 *
Laxative?	2	Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Sep-91.
Leptingenic	1	Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000. Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Leukotriene-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Lipolytic	2	Duke, 1992 *
Lipotropic	3	Duke, 1992 *