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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Citrus limon

Citrus limon (Rutaceae)

Common Names
Lemon
How this plant is used
Food

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View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
THYMOL 71 Pericarp Essent. Oil 53000.0 111000.0 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-BETA-OCIMENE 0 Leaf Essent. Oil 7500.0 0.03 Jim Duke's personal files.
TRANS-LIMONENE-1,2-OXIDE 0 Essential Oil Jim Duke's personal files.
TRIDECANAL 0 Essential Oil Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
TYRAMINE 11 Leaf *
UMBELLIFERONE 22 Shoot Jim Duke's personal files.
UMBELLIPRENIN 0 Shoot Jim Duke's personal files.
UNDECANAL 2 Essential Oil Lawrence, B.M., Essential Oils 1976-1977, Essential Oils 1978, Essential Oils 1979-1980.
VALENCENE 0 Tissue Culture Jim Duke's personal files.
VICENIN-2 12 Pericarp Jim Duke's personal files.
VIOLAXANTHIN 2 Leaf *
WATER 0 Fruit 850000.0 894000.0 0.54 *
XANTHOXYLETIN 1 Root Jim Duke's personal files.
XANTHYLETIN 1 Root Jim Duke's personal files.
XYLOSYL-VITEXIN 0 Flower *
ZEAXANTHIN 5 Leaf *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor 4 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Cancer-Preventive 41 Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Candidicide 14 Recently became Internat. J. Crude Drug Res. 28(1,2,3,4):1990, page 155.
Candidistat 3 *
Capillariprotective 3 Martindale's 29th
Carcinogenic 5 *
Cardiac 2 Ozaki, Y. and Ma, J-P. 1989. Inhibitory Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine and Ferulic Acid on Spontaneous Movement of Rat Uterus in Situ. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(6): 1620-1623, 1990.
Cardioprotective 4 *
Cardiotonic 2 Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Cardiotoxic 1 *
Cardiovascular 2 Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
Carminative 3 Yamamoto, A., Umemori, S., and Muranishi, S. 1993. Absorption Enhancement of Intrapulmonary Administered Insulin by Various Absorption Enhancers and Protease Inhibitors in Rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46: 14-18, 1994.
Caspase-3-Inducer 1 *
Caspase-8-Inducer 1 *
Catabolic 4 Abstract (See species file)
cGMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Chemopreventive 12 *
Cholagogue 4 Wichtl, M. 1984. Teedrogen. Ein Handbuch fur Apotheker und Arzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellscharft. mbH Stuttgart. 393 pp.
Choleretic 11 *
Cholesterolytic 1 *