Plant Allium cepa (Liliaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

Onion; Shallot

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
OLEIC-ACID	18	Seed	not available	46800.0	-0.59	Wealth of India.
OLEIC-ACID	18	Seed Oil	260000.0	292900.0	-0.15	Duke, 1992 *
OXALIC-ACID	9	Bulb	not available	10.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
OXALIC-ACID	9	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Gad, S. S., Esmat El-Zalaki, M., Hohamed, M. S., Mohasseb, S. Z. 1982. Oxalate Content of Some Leafy Vegetables and Dry Legumes Consumed Widely in Egypt. Food Chem., 8(3): 169-177. (Coll. Agric. Alexandria Univ. Ale.)
P-COUMARIC-ACID	25	Bulb	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
P-COUMARIC-ACID	25	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Das, V. S. R., Rao, J. V. S. 1964. Phenolic Acids of Onion Plant. Curr. Sci., 33(15): 471-472.
P-COUMARIC-ACID	25	Root	not available	not available	not available	Das, V. S. R., Rao, J. V. S. 1964. Phenolic Acids of Onion Plant. Curr. Sci., 33(15): 471-472.
P-CYMENE	16	Fruit Juice	not available	not available	not available	Schmidt, N. E., et. al. 1996. Rapid Extraction Method of Quantitating the Lachrymatory Factor of Onion Using Gas Chromatography. J. Agric. Food Chem., 44(9): 2690-2693.
P-HYDROXY-BENZOIC-ACID	13	Bulb	not available	107.0	1.00	Duke, 1992 *
P-HYDROXYBANZOIC-ACID	0	Bulb	not available	107.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
PAEONIDIN-GLYCOSIDE	0	Bulb	not available	not available	not available	Williamson, E. M. and Evans, F. J., Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, Revised Ed., Saffron Walden, the C. W. Daniel Co., Ltd., Essex UK, 362 pp, 1988, reprint 1989.
PALMITIC-ACID	13	Bulb	240.0	2325.0	-1.00	Duke, 1992 *
PALMITIC-ACID	13	Seed	not available	13140.0	-0.43	Wealth of India.
PALMITIC-ACID	13	Seed Oil	not available	73000.0	-0.72	Duke, 1992 *
PANTOTHENIC-ACID	11	Bulb	1.0	16.0	1.00	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
PECTIN	24	Bulb	not available	not available	not available	Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
PELARGONIDIN-MONOGLYCOSIDE	0	Bulb	not available	not available	not available	Fuleki, T. 1969. The Anthocyanins of Strawberry, Rhubarb, Radish, and Onion. J. Food Sci., 34(4): 365-369.
PENTOSAN	0	Bulb	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
PEROXIDASE	0	Bulb	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
PHENYLALANINE	7	Bulb	300.0	3270.0	-1.00	USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Detoxicant	2	Duke, 1992 *
Detoxicant (Alcohol)	1	Duke, 1992 *
Diagnostic	1	Martindale's 28th
Diaphoretic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Diaphoretic?	3	Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Dec-90.
Differentiator	1	Duke, 1992 *
Disinfectant	1	Martindale's 29th
Diuretic	13	Duke, 1992 *
DNA-Active	1	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
DNA-Protective	1	Duke, 1992 *
Dye	3	Merck 11th Edition
Elastase-Inhibitor	1	Duke, 1992 *
Emetic	2	Martindale's 29th
Encephalopathic	1	Martindale's 29th
Energizer	1	Duke, 1992 *
Epidermal-Stimulant	1	Duke, 1992 *
Ergogenic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Erythrocytogenic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Essential	8	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Estrogenic	5	Duke, 1992 *