An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Biological Activity Hepatotoxic

List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
MENTHOFURAN not available Lawrence Review of Natural Products, Jan-92.
MONOCROTALINE not available Duke, 1992 *
MYRISTICIN not available Newall, C. A., Anderson, L. A. and Phillipson, J. D. 1996. Herbal Medicine - A Guide for Health-care Professionals. The Pharmaceutical Press, London. 296pp.
NIACIN not available Duke, 1992 *
OTOSENINE not available Duke, 1992 *
PICROSIDE-I not available Fitoterapia No.5-1986.
PICROSIDE-II not available Fitoterapia No.5-1986.
PLATYPHYLLINE not available Duke, 1992 *
PROTOCATECHUIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
PTEROPHINE not available Duke, 1992 *
PULEGONE not available Lewis, E.J. and Friedrich, E.C. 1989. The Essential Oil of Poliomintha incana. Planta Medica 56(2): 224-226, 1990.
PUNICALAGIN not available Duke, 1992 *
PUNICALIN not available Duke, 1992 *
RETRORSINE not available Merck 11th Edition
RIDDELLINE not available Duke, 1992 *
SAFROLE not available Martindale's 29th
SANGUINARINE 10 mg/kg ipr rat Duke, 1992 *
SCELERATINE not available Duke, 1992 *
SENECIONINE not available Merck 11th Edition
SENECIPHYLLINE not available Duke, 1992 *
List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Frangula purshiana Cascara Sagrada; Cascara Buckthorn 2 58
Fucus vesiculosus Bladderwrack; Kelp 1 94
Galium odoratum Waldmeister; Woodruff 2 78, 000
Garcinia mangostana Mangosteen; Mangostin 1 76
Gaultheria procumbens Teaberry; Wintergreen; Checkerberry; Creeping Wintergreen; Mountain Tea; Wintergrun (Ger.) 1 0
Genipa americana Genipap; Jagua 1 30
Gentiana lutea Yellow Gentian; Gentian 2 122
Geranium thunbergii Gennoshiouko; Oriental Geranium 1 0
Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo; Maidenhair Tree 2 968
Glaucium flavum Horned Poppy 1 0
Glehnia littoralis Bei Sha Shen 1 0
Gliricidia sepium Mata Raton 1 108
Glycine max Soybean 6 196.5
Glycyrrhiza glabra Commom Licorice; Licorice; Smooth Licorice; Licorice-Root 2 284
Gossypium sp Cotton 2 9, 516
Gymnema sylvestre Gymnema; Miracle Fruit 1 44
Hamamelis virginiana Witch Hazel 1 10
Harpagophytum procumbens Devil's Claw; Grapple Plant 1 158
Hedeoma drummondii Drummond's Pennyroyal 2 7, 560
Hedeoma pulegioides American Pennyroyal 2 852, 154.7999999523