An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Biological Activity Hepatoprotective

List of activity chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Dosage Reference
NARINGENIN IC50=3.37 ppm Duke, 1992 *
NIACIN not available Duke, 1992 *
OLEANOLIC-ACID not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211.
P-COUMAROYL-FERULOYL-METHANE not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
PANGAMIC-ACID not available Duke, 1992 *
PAPYRIOGENIN not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa. 742 pp.
PICEID not available Fitoterapia No.5-1986.
PICROSIDE-I not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 207.
PICROSIDE-II not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 207.
PIPERINE not available Duke, 1992 *
POLYDATIN not available Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
POLYPHENOLS not available Duke, 1992 *
PROANTHOCYANIDINS not available Duke, 1992 *
PROPAPYRIOGENIN not available Advance in Chinese Medicinal Materials Research. 1985. Eds. H. M. Chang, H. W. Yeung, W. -W. Tso and A. Koo. World Scientific Publishing Co., Philadelphia Pa., page 211.
PUERARIN not available Duke, 1992 *
PUNICALAGIN not available Duke, 1992 *
PUNICALIN not available Duke, 1992 *
QUERCETIN not available Duke, 1992 *
RESERPINE not available Duke, 1992 *
RESVERATROL not available Duke, 1992 *
List of Activity Plants.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column.
Plant Name Common Name Chemical Count Total Parts Per Million
Veratrum album White Hellebore 1 0
Verbascum thapsus Mullein; Velvetplant; Flannelleaf; Flannelplant; Great Mullein 8 3, 139, 225
Verbena officinalis Vervain 4 10, 000
Vernonia cinerea Purple fleabane 3 83, 600
Veronica officinalis Common Speedwell; Gypsyweed 2 0
Viburnum opulus Crampbark; European Cranberry Bush; Guelder Rose; Snowballbush 13 120, 030
Viburnum prunifolium Black Haw 11 20, 090
Vicia faba Broadbean; Faba Bean; Habas 8 40, 650
Vigna aconitifolia Mat Bean; Moth Bean 3 15, 674
Vigna angularis Adzuki Bean 2 2, 462
Vigna mungo Black Gram 4 22, 161
Vigna radiata Green Gram; Mungbean 9 37, 272
Vigna subterranea Bambarra Groundnut; Groundbean 1 40
Vigna unguiculata Cowpea; Black-eyed Pea; Crowder Pea; Southern Pea 4 149, 808
Vinca minor Periwinkle; Running-Myrtle 4 201, 600
Viola odorata Common Violet; Sweet Violet 7 41, 374
Viola tricolor Pansy; Wild Violet 5 460, 604
Virola surinamensis Ucahuba; Ucuuba 1 69, 360
Viscum album European Mistletoe 3 0
Vitellaria paradoxa Butterseed; Shea Nut; Shea-Butter-Tree; Sheatree; Shea 3 489, 650