An official website of the United States government.
Common Names
Red Clover; Purple Clover; Peavine Clover; Cowgrass
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASPARAGINIC-ACID | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BEHENIC-ACID | 1 | Pollen Or Spore | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZALDEHYDE | 24 | Flower | not available | 12.0 | 1.00 | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| BENZOIC-ACID-ETHYL-ESTER | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZOIC-ACID-METHYL-ESTER | 0 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZYL-ACETATE | 9 | Flower | not available | 22.0 | -1.18 | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| BENZYL-ACETATE | 9 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZYL-ALCOHOL | 9 | Flower | not available | 15.0 | -0.76 | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| BENZYL-ALCOHOL | 9 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZYL-ALCOHOL | 9 | Root | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZYL-FORMIATE | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-CAROTENE | 53 | Flower | 2.0 | 12.0 | -0.44 | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE | 0 | Flower | not available | 5.0 | -0.68 | Buchnauer,G.,Jirovetz,L.,Nikiforov,A.1996.Comparative Investigation of Essential Clover Flower Oils from Austria Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry,and Gas Chrom.-Olfactometry.J.Agrc.Food Chem.44:1827-8 |
| BETA-SITOSTEROL | 47 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes. |
| BIOCHANIN-A | 32 | Flower | not available | 338.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BIOCHANIN-A | 32 | Leaf | 310.0 | 3250.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BIOCHANIN-A | 32 | Plant | not available | 8000.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BIOCHANIN-A | 32 | Root | not available | 31.0 | 1.00 | Duke, 1992 * |
| BIOCHANIN-A | 32 | Shoot | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BIOCHANIN-A | 32 | Stem | not available | 68.0 | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Prostaglandin-Sparer | 1 | Fujita, T., Nakatani, E., Funaishi, N., Sakuma, S., Fujimoto, Y. Potent inhibition of prostaglandin inactivation in rabbit gastric antral mucosal slices by selenium ions in-vitro. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 42: 655-657, 1990. |
| Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor | 4 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor | 2 | Naim, M., Zehavi, U., Nagy, S., and Rouseff, R.L. Hydroxycinnamic Acids as Off-Flavor Precursors in Citrus Fruits and Their Products. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, Ch.14. |
| Protisticide | 2 | Martindale's 29th |
| PTK-Inhibitor | 2 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Pyrogenic | 1 | Kandasamy, S. B. 1977. Central Effect of 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid (Arachidonic Acid) on the Temperature in the Conscious Rabbit. Experientia, 33: 1626. |
| Quinone-Reductase-Inducer | 8 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Renotoxic | 1 | Merck 11th Edition |
| Respirodepressant | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Rodenticide | 2 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Schizophrenigenic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Sedative | 13 | Wagner & Wolff, eds. 1977. New Natural Products (RS164. I56. 176) |
| Serotoninergic | 2 | Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf). |
| Sialogogue | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Soap | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |
| Soporific | 1 | Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry |
| Spermicide | 2 | Martindale's 28th |
| Spermigenic | 2 | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Sunscreen | 3 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Suppository | 1 | Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp. |