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Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Trifolium pratense

Trifolium pratense (Fabaceae)

Common Names
Red Clover; Purple Clover; Peavine Clover; Cowgrass
How this plant is used
Generally Recognized as Safe
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
IRILONE 4 Root *
IRILONE-4'-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE 0 Leaf *
IRILONE-4'-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE-6''-O-MALONATE 0 Flower *
IRILONE-4'-O-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE-6''-O-MALONATE 0 Leaf *
IRILONE-4'-O-GLUCOSIDE 0 Root *
IROLONE 3 Plant Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
IRON 6 Flower *
IRON 6 Shoot 10.0 1850.0 1.81 Duke, J. A. Writeups or information summaries on approximately 2,000 economic plants, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705.
ISOCHANIN-A 0 Leaf *
ISOFLAVONES 0 Flower 1209.0 *
ISOFLAVONES 0 Leaf 1067.0 *
ISOFLAVONES 0 Stem 744.0 *
ISOLEUCINE 3 Plant *
ISOQUERCITRIN 22 Flower *
ISOQUERCITRIN 22 Leaf *
ISOQUERCITRIN-6''-O-MALONATE 0 Flower *
ISOQUERCITRIN-6''-O-MALONATE 0 Leaf *
ISORHAMNETIN 11 Flower ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
ISORHAMNETIN 11 Plant J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
ISORHAMNETIN-GLYCOSIDE 0 Plant *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Inotropic 2 *
Insecticide 7 *
Insectifuge 16 Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Insectiphile 4 Merck 11th Edition
Insulinase-Inhibitor 1 Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 157.
Insulinogenic 5 Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 170.
Insulinotonic 1 J. Agri. & Food Chemistry, 36: 1079.
Interferon-Synergist 1 *
Interferonogenic 2 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor 1 *
Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor 1 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Irritant 10 *
JNK-Inhibitor 1 *
Juvabional 4 Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Keratitigenic 1 *
Keratolytic 2 Martindale's 28th
Larvicide 3 *
Larvistat 4 Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
Laxative 4 Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
Leptingenic 1 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95