An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Plant Symphytum officinale (Boraginaceae)

Common Names
Comfrey
How this plant is used
Medicinal
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
ALLANTOIN 12 Leaf 1100.0 20000.0 1.00 Duke, 1992 *
ALLANTOIN 12 Root 6000.0 25500.0 1.41 Duke, 1992 *
ALUMINUM 5 Leaf 26.0 237.0 -0.53 Duke, 1992 *
ALUMINUM 5 Root not available 237.0 -0.19 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Leaf 88.0 800.0 -0.37 Duke, 1992 *
ASCORBIC-ACID 112 Root not available 132.0 -0.57 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
ASH 0 Leaf 3960.0 36000.0 -1.46 Duke, 1992 *
ASH 0 Root not available 140000.0 2.07 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
ASPARAGINE 2 Root 10000.0 30000.0 0.00 Duke, 1992 *
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Leaf 12.0 108.0 -0.67 Duke, 1992 *
BETA-CAROTENE 53 Root not available 660.0 3.78 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
BORNESITOL 0 Root not available not available not available Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp.
CAFFEIC-ACID 102 Root not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
CALCIUM 28 Leaf 1980.0 18000.0 -0.03 Duke, 1992 *
CALCIUM 28 Root not available 11300.0 0.43 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
CARBOHYDRATES 0 Leaf 83490.0 759000.0 1.17 Duke, 1992 *
CARBOHYDRATES 0 Root not available 759000.0 -0.91 Pedersen, M. 1987. Nutritional Herbology. Pederson Publishing. Bountiful, Utah. 377 pp.
CAROTENES 0 Plant not available 6300.0 1.00 Duke, 1992 *
CHLOROGENIC-ACID 77 Root not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
CHOLINE 20 Root not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
AntiRaynaud's 3 Duke, 1992 *
Antirenitic 1 Uchida, U., Ohta, H., Niwa, M., Mori, A., Nonaka, G-i., Nishioka, I., and Zaki, M. 1989. Prolongation of Life Span of Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) Ingesting Persimmon Tannin. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(4): 1049-1052, 1990.
Antiretinopathic 1 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antiretinotic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Antirheumatic 5 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antirhinitic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Antiscorbutic 1 Martindale's 28th
Antiscotomic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Antiseptic 4 Martindale's 28th
Antishingles 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antishock 1 Int. J. Immunopharmacology. Vol 10: 735, 1988.
Antisickling 1 Ekeke, G.I. and Shode, F.O. 1988. Phenylalanine is the Predominant Antisickling Agent in Cajanus cajan Seed Extract. Planta Medica 56(1): 41, 1990.
Antisilicotic 1 Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
Antispare-Tire 1 Challem, J., Berkson, Burt, and Smith, Melissa Dianne. 2000.
Syndrome X - The complete nutritional program to prevent and reservse insulin resistance. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 272 pp. $24.95
Antispasmodic 5 Phytotherapy Research, 4: 73.
Antispasmophilic 1 Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antistaphylococcic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Antisteatotic 1 Duke, 1992 *
Antistomatitic 2 Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 5: 207.
Antistress 5 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.