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Common Names
European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder
How this plant is used
Food
| Chemical Name | Activity Count | Plant Part | Low Parts Per Million | High Parts Per Million | Standard Deviation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARACHIDIC-ACID | 0 | Seed | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ARACHIDYL-ALCOHOL | 0 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASCORBIC | 0 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Fruit | 128.0 | 1515.0 | -0.19 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASCORBIC-ACID | 112 | Leaf | 739.0 | 11000.0 | 0.58 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASH | 0 | Fruit | 8600.0 | 48765.0 | -0.20 | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASTRAGALIN | 7 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| ASTRAGALIN | 7 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BALANOPHORIN | 0 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BEHENIC-ACID | 1 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZALDEHYDE | 24 | Flower Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZALDEHYDE | 24 | Leaf Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZALDEHYDE | 24 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZOIC-ACID-ETHYL-ESTER | 0 | Leaf Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZYL-ALCOHOL | 9 | Flower Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BENZYL-ALCOHOL | 9 | Leaf Essent. Oil | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-AMYRIN | 9 | Flower | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-AMYRIN-PALMITATE | 3 | Leaf | not available | not available | not available | Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp. |
| BETA-AMYRIN-PALMITATE | 3 | Plant | not available | not available | not available | Duke, 1992 * |
| BETA-CAROTENE | 53 | Fruit | 100.0 | 150.0 | 0.14 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Activity | Chemical Count | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Antigingivitic | 3 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antiglaucomic | 3 | Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp. |
| Antiglossitic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antiglutamaergic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antigonadotrophic | 1 | Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990. |
| Antigonadotropic | 3 | Jim Duke's personal files. |
| Antigranular | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| AntiGTF | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antihalitosic | 1 | American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993. |
| Antihangover | 5 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antiheartburn | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antihelicobacter | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antihematuric | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antihemolytic | 2 | Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994. |
| Antihemorrhagic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihemorrhoidal | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antihepatitic | 1 | Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp. |
| Antihepatoadenomic | 1 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antihepatotoxic | 15 | Duke, 1992 * |
| Antiherpetic | 8 | Duke, 1992 * |