Plant Sambucus nigra (Adoxaceae) | Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Common Names

European Alder; European Elder; European Elderberry; Elder; Black Elder

How this plant is used

Food

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List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name	Activity Count	Plant Part	Low Parts Per Million	High Parts Per Million	Standard Deviation	Reference
1-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
1-CAFFEOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
1-FERULOYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSIDE	0	Plant	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
2-METHYLHEPTANE	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
2-PHENYLETHANOL	0	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
20-BETA-HYDROXYURSOLIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
24-METHYL-CYCLOARTENOL	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
30-BETA-HYDROXYURSOLIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Leung, A.Y., Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs, and Cosmetics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980.
ACETALDEHYDE	6	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ACETALDEHYDE	6	Leaf Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALKANES	0	Flower	210.0	70000.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRENONE	0	Bark	not available	178.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN	10	Bark	not available	379.0	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN	10	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN	10	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-AMYRIN-PALMITATE	5	Leaf	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-HYDROXYBEHENIC-ACID	0	Bark	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ALPHA-TERPINEOL	23	Flower Essent. Oil	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ANTIRHININ	0	Fruit	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *
ARACHIDIC-ACID	0	Flower	not available	not available	not available	Duke, 1992 *

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List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity	Chemical Count	Reference
Antigingivitic	3	Duke, 1992 *
Antiglaucomic	3	Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
Antiglossitic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antiglutamaergic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antigonadotrophic	1	Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
Antigonadotropic	3	Jim Duke's personal files.
Antigranular	1	Duke, 1992 *
AntiGTF	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihalitosic	1	American Health, 12(4): 17, 1993.
Antihangover	5	Duke, 1992 *
Antiheartburn	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihelicobacter	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihematuric	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihemolytic	2	Ohnishi, M., Morishita, H., Iwahashi, H., Toda, S., Shirataki, Y., Kimura, M., and Kido, R. 1993. Inhibitory Effects of Chlorogenic Acids on Linoleic Acid Peroxidation and Haemolysis. Phytochemistry. 36(3): 579-583. 1994.
Antihemorrhagic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihemorrhoidal	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihepatitic	1	Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Antihepatoadenomic	1	Duke, 1992 *
Antihepatotoxic	15	Duke, 1992 *
Antiherpetic	8	Duke, 1992 *