An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
U.S. Department of Agriculture
  1. Home
  2. Piper nigrum

Piper nigrum (Piperaceae)

Common Names
Black Pepper; Pepper; White Pepper
How this plant is used
Food

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
HEXANOIC-ACID 2 Fruit *
HYPEROSIDE 30 Fruit *
IODINE 12 Fruit 0.1 -0.29 ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
IRON 6 Fruit 24.0 407.0 1.09 *
ISOBUTYL-CAPROATE 0 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ISOBUTYL-ISOVALERATE 0 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ISOCARYOPHYLLENE 1 Fruit *
ISOCARYOPHYLLENE 1 Fruit Essent. Oil *
ISOCHAVICINE 0 Fruit *
ISOCHAVINIC-ACID 0 Fruit ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
ISOPIPERINE 0 Fruit *
ISOPULEGOL 3 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
ISOQUERCITRIN 22 Fruit *
KAEMPFEROL 75 Fruit Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
KAEMPFEROL-3-O-ARABINOSYL-7-O-RHAMNOSIDE 0 Fruit *
KILOCALORIES 0 Fruit 2550.0 2856.0 -1.22 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
L-ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE 0 Fruit *
L-LIMONENE 2 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
LAURIC-ACID 7 Fruit 400.0 447.0 -0.44 USDA's Ag Handbook 8 and sequelae)
LIMONEN-4-OL 0 Fruit List, P.H. and Horhammer, L., Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vols. 2-6, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1969-1979.
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
Download these results as:
CSV
EXCEL
PDF
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
(-)-Chronotropic 2 Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
(-)-Inotropic 2 Hansel, R., Keller, K., Rimpler, H., and Schneider, G. eds. 1992. Hager's Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Drogen (A-D), 1209 pp., 1993 (E-O), 970 pp., 1994 (P-Z), 1196 pp. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
11B-HSD-Inhibitor 2 *
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor 5 *
5-HT-Inhibitor 1 *
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor 2 *
Abortifacient 2 *
Absorbent 1 Martindale's 29th
Acaricide 9 *
Acarifuge 1 *
ACE-Inhibitor 8 *
AChE-Inhibitor 1 Grundy, D. L. and Still, C. C., Inhibition of acetylcholinesterases by pulegone-1,2-epoxide, Oest. Biochem. & Physiol., 23, 1985, 383-8.
Acidulant 2 Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Acnegenic 1 Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
Adrenergic 1 Sabinsa: A series of well documented proprietary PR booklets,
e.g.Sabinsa Corps. 1998. Bronchial Asthma - Its etiology and control with traditional herbal extracts. Sabinsa Corporation. Piscataway, NJ. 49 pp.
AHH-Inhibitor 1 Sabinsa: A series of well documented proprietary PR booklets,
e.g.Sabinsa Corps. 1998. Bronchial Asthma - Its etiology and control with traditional herbal extracts. Sabinsa Corporation. Piscataway, NJ. 49 pp.
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor 2 *
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor 19 *
Allelochemic 6 *
Allelopathic 6 *