An official website of the United States government.

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Plant Liquidambar styraciflua (Hamamelidaceae)

Common Names
American Styrax; Sweetgum
How this plant is used
Medicinal

Select a Results View:

View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant chemicals.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Chemical Name Activity Count Plant Part Low Parts Per Million High Parts Per Million Standard Deviation Reference
CINNAMIC-ACID 18 Resin, Exudate, Sap 50000.0 230000.0 1.00 Duke, 1992 *
CINNAMIC-ALCOHOL 3 Resin, Exudate, Sap not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
CINNAMYL-CINNAMATE 1 Resin, Exudate, Sap 50000.0 10000.0 -1.00 Duke, 1992 *
COBALT 2 Leaf 0.0 0.6 -0.30 Duke, 1992 *
COBALT 2 Stem 0.0 3.6 -0.55 Duke, 1992 *
COPPER 12 Leaf 2.8 164.0 3.75 Duke, 1992 *
COPPER 12 Stem 0.6 360.0 2.36 Duke, 1992 *
CYANIDIN 7 Leaf not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
DELPHINIDIN 9 Leaf not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
ELLAGIC-ACID 51 Leaf not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
EO 0 Leaf not available 800.0 -0.94 Duke, 1992 *
EO 0 Resin, Exudate, Sap 150000.0 200000.0 0.64 Duke, 1992 *
ETHANOL 24 Resin, Exudate, Sap not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
ETHYL-CINNAMATE 2 Resin, Exudate, Sap not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
FAT 0 Seed not available 297000.0 0.17 Duke, 1992 *
FLUORINE 0 Stem 0.0 0.1 -0.33 Duke, 1992 *
IODINE 12 Stem 3.0 6.0 0.77 Duke, 1992 *
KAEMPFEROL-3-0-GLUCOSIDE 0 Leaf not available not available not available Duke, 1992 *
LANTHANUM 0 Leaf 1.2 8.2 -1.67 Duke, 1992 *
LANTHANUM 0 Stem 0.6 18.0 0.29 Duke, 1992 *
View the list of ubiquitous chemicals
List of plant activities.
Click on column headings to sort table by that column. *Unless otherwise noted all references are to (Duke, 1992)
Activity Chemical Count Reference
Antivaginitic 1 Martindale's 28th
Antiviral 8 Abid Ali Khan, M.M., Jain, D.C., Bhakuni, R.S., Zaim, M., and Thakur, R.S. 1991. Occurrence of some antiviral sterols in Artemisia annua. Plant Science, 75: 161-165, 1991.
Antiviral? 1 Martindale's 29th
Antiyeast 3 Duke, 1992 *
Anxiolytic 5 Duke, 1992 *
AP-1-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *
Apoptotic 3 Duke, 1992 *
Aromatase-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *
Artemicide 1 Jung, J.H., Pummangura, S., Chaichantipyuth, c., Patarapanich, C., and McLaughlin, J.L. 1989. Bioactive Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum. Phytochemistry. 29(5): 1667-1670. 1990.
Astringent 3 Martindale's 29th
ATPase-Inhibitor 1 Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
Bacteristat 1 Duke, 1992 *
Beta-Blocker 2 Duke, 1992 *
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *
Bruchifuge 1 Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
Calcium-Antagonist 1 Duke, 1992 *
Calcium-Channel-Blocker 1 Duke, 1992 *
Cancer-Preventive 10 Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
Cancer-Preventive? 1 Duke, 1992 *
Candida-SAP-Inhibitor 1 Duke, 1992 *